新疆特有植物准噶尔山楂种子休眠及解除机制

项目名称： 新疆特有植物准噶尔山楂种子休眠及解除机制

项目编号： No.31200300

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生态学

项目作者： 吕海英

作者单位： 新疆师范大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 准噶尔山楂( Crataegus songarica )是新疆特有的珍稀濒危植物，仅分布于新疆伊犁地区霍城县和伊宁县，已被列入中国优先保护物种名录，是我国具有生物多样性国际意义的优先保护物种。作为天山野果林的组成树种之一是天山水源涵养林的一部分，对防止水土流失、改善生态环境、维持其原生性具有现实意义。 在前期研究中证实准噶尔山楂结实量大，但是萌发率极低（0.01%），具深度休眠特性。针对其在自然分布区内数量日趋减少和自然更新不良等问题，采用植物学和植物生理生态学等原理，通过野外实验和室内实验相结合的手段，进行准噶尔山楂种胚离体培养、种壳和种皮结构研究、内源抑制物质分析和种子萌发生理特性等方面研究，探索准噶尔山楂种子休眠的原因和解除机制，阐明其休眠本质。对揭示植物种子休眠及解除机制有重要意义，为新疆珍稀濒危野生果树植物的保护和种群更新提供理论指导。

中文关键词： 准噶尔山楂；种子休眠；离体胚培养；抑制物；多糖

英文摘要： The Crataegus songarica is the uniquely rare and endangered plants in Xinjiang, only distributed in the Huocheng County and Yining County in Xinjiang. It has been included in priority conservation specie lists and is the priority conservation species of the international biodiversity significance . As one of the wild fruit tree in Tianshan is a part of the water conservation forests and has the important Significance to prevent soil erosion, improve the ecological environment and maintain its native. In preliminary studies, we confirmed that the fruit volume of Crataegus songarica is bigger, but the germination rate is very low (0.01%) and the seed has deep dormancy characteristics.Its natural distribution arear is dwindling and natural regenera- tion is bad. Through the principle of botany and plant physiological ecology, we explore the causes and mechanisms of seed dormancy of Crataegus songarica with isolated embryo, the observation of the endocarp and seed coat structure, the analysis of endogenous inhibitory substances and seed germination physiological characteristics, by means of a combination of field experiments and laboratory experiments. It has important significance to reveal the plant seed dormant nature and dormancy-breaking mechanism and will provide theoretical guidance to the conservation and

英文关键词： Crataegus songorica；Seed Dormancy；Embryo culture in vitro；Inhibitor；Polysaccharides