重金属污染土壤原位钝化修复的稳定性及其影响机理

项目名称： 重金属污染土壤原位钝化修复的稳定性及其影响机理

项目编号： No.41471255

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 成杰民

作者单位： 山东师范大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 以代表性有机、无机、有机-无机复合钝化材料为例，通过培养实验研究其对重金属钝化的化学、生物学稳定性。通过模拟实验，用Ｘ射线吸收精细结构光谱（XASF）等手段，研究重金属在钝化材料上和土壤中作用的微观结构、影响因素等，阐明其对重金属的钝化稳定性机理。通过根际微区实验，研究根际DOM对重金属形态、迁移转化的影响，借助现代仪器分析手段，研究根际DOM结构特征和根际DOM与重金属配合作用，阐明其对重金属钝化稳定性的影响机制。 本项目特点：首先，充分考虑土壤-微生物-植物系统及相互作用的复杂性，研究不同钝化材料钝化稳定性及影响因素，为判断该技术的环境风险提供依据。其次，借助现代仪器分析手段，从微观结构揭示不同钝化材料对重金属的钝化机理。再者，以根际DOM与重金属配合作用为研究突破点，从分子水平揭示根际DOM对重金属钝化稳定性影响机制。为重金属污染土壤钝化修复提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 原位修复；钝化固定；重金属；修复机理；化学形态

英文摘要： In situ immobilization was the most promising remediation technology for the heavy metals contaminated soils with low or moderate pollution concentration in our country. The stability of heavy metal immobilization was the key to the successful application of this technique. The surface-modified nano-particle black carbon, bentonite and modified bentonite by organics will be used as passivation materials for the remediation of heavy metals contaminated soils. This project investigates the chemical and biological stability of heavy metal immobilization on the surface of three materials and evaluates corresponding influence factors by the incubation experiments. The microstructure for the immobilization processes of heavy metals on different materials will be probed with X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy for clarifying the immobilization mechanism. The influence of rhizosphere on heavy metal fractionations, migration and transformation will be investigated by rhizosphere experiment and the rhizosphere DOM composition and interactions between DOM and heavy metals will be analyze with the modern instrumental analysis. The purpose of this project is to clarify the release mechanism of heavy metals from solid phase to liquid phase in soil caused by the rhizosphere DOM. The characteristics of this project: 1). taking the complexity of soil-microbial-plant system into account, we firstly investigate the immobilization stability of heavy metals on multiple materials, evaluate corresponding influence factors and explicit the environment risk of this technique; 2). we will reveal the immobilization micro-mechanism of heavy metals on different immobilization materials and obtain theory basis for the application of this technology; 3). taking the interactions between the rhizosphere DOM and heavy metals as the breakthrough point, we will reveal the release mechanism of heavy metals from solid phase to liquid phase in soil caused by the rhizosphere DOM and thus improve the immobilization theory for heavy metal contaminated soils remediation.

英文关键词： in siut remediation;immobilization;heavy metals;remediation mechanism;chemical species