基于光流法的空间TDICCD相机动态成像性能提升方法研究

项目名称： 基于光流法的空间TDICCD相机动态成像性能提升方法研究

项目编号： No.61505093

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 李进

作者单位： 清华大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 空间TDICCD相机动态成像过程中， 高频姿态颤振已经成为影响成像质量提升的主要瓶颈因素。 而高频姿态运动的精密测量一直以来是航天技术的难点。 本项目针对这一问题，应用光流分析方法展开相关理论及实验研究。 区别于传统基于图像处理和机器视觉的光流计算方法，本项目从物理层面建立光流与空间相机工作状态、 图像运动和形变之间的关系。 并研究其反问题， 即通过对原始影像条带和成像辅助数据的深入挖掘， 精确反演光流及遥感器的相关工作状态。首先， 应用成像辅助数据进行光流计算， 对空间相机影像条带进行高精度密集配准； 然后， 利用影像条带的亚像元配准结果等数据作为光流方程的定解条件,并利用光流反演方法实现相机姿态运动测量。 项目的成功实施将解决空间相机 KHz 量级高频颤振的高精度测量的难题，可大幅提升空间TDICCD相机动态成像性能，同时为相机影像后处理及其定姿、定位精度的提高提供重要的数据支撑。

中文关键词： 遥感相机；；空间光学系统；；TDI；CCD相机；；姿态稳定度；；大视场

英文摘要： In the process of dynamic imaging of space TDICCD camera, the high frequency attitude flutter of satellite has become a limiting factor in the improvement of image quality. Furthermore, the high frequency attitude flutter measurement of remote sensor, a difficult problem in space technology is discussed. Concerning this issue, this project uses the optical flow method to take related theories with experimental researches. Being different from optical flow method based on image processing and computer vision, the model of optical flow in this project is founded on the physical perspective of space camera, which describing the relation among optical flow, camera working states, image motion, and deformation. Based on that, optical flow and the related working states can be successfully retrieved using the auxiliary data of imaging and the original belt-form images. First, the auxiliary data of imaging is used to calculate optical flow. Based on that, the high precision image registration is carried out. Then, the results of image registration are considered as the definite conditions of optical flow equation. And the optical flow inversion method is used to measure the camera attitude motion. The success of the project implementation will resolve the difficult problem of remote sensor’s attitude measurement with KH order. The method may raise the space TDICCD dynamic imaging performance and provide the significant data for the camera image post processing, the precision of surveying and mapping.

英文关键词： Remote camera;Space optical system;TDI CCD camera;Attitude stability;Large field of view