项目名称: 秸秆为模板合成非金属金属共掺杂钒酸盐光催化材料及活性增强机制研究
项目编号: No.21207093
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 环境化学
项目作者: 王敏
作者单位: 沈阳理工大学
项目金额: 24万元
中文摘要: 开发高效的可见光催化材料对解决环境污染和能源短缺等问题具有重要的科学意义和实用价值。本项目拟以农业秸秆为生物模板,同时在反应原料中引入金属离子和非金属离子源,一步合成具有多级仿生结构的、非金属离子和金属离子共掺杂的高活性钒酸盐光催化材料。研究溶胶-凝胶形成、生物材料负载、煅烧等对钒酸盐微观结构和形貌的影响,探索生物模板形态、制备条件与光催化效率增强的相关规律;研究掺杂元素种类、二者比例和含量对材料的相组成、晶体结构、形貌特征、光吸收性能及光催化活性的影响,揭示光生载流子输运、量子转换效率与微观结构及掺杂元素之间的相互关系,分析共掺杂的协同作用对光催化活性的增强机理,并建立相应的理论模型。本项目的实施不仅能促进高效稳定的钒酸盐可见光催化材料的开发及光催化机理的基础理论发展,还可藉此发展一种低成本、绿色的和简易的钒酸盐制备方法,对促进材料、化学、环境和能源等学科的交叉融合具有重要的学术意义。
中文关键词: 农业秸秆;钒酸盐;溶胶-凝胶法;光催化;共掺杂
英文摘要: The development of visible-light driven photocatalysts with high activity and stability has both scientific significance and application values for alleviating environmental pollution and energy shortage. In this project, the nonmetal and metal elements codoping vanadate photocatalysts with multilevel biomimetic structure will be synthesized via one-step method through adding the nonmetal and metal ion sources into the reaction materials and taking the agricultural stalks as the biotemplates.The as-prepared photocatalysts have stable and excellent photocatalytic activity. By investigating the influence of sol-gel imformation, biomaterial loading and calcination temperatures on the microstructures and morphologies of vandate photocatalysts, the related mechanisms for the biotemplate morphology, preparation conditions and the enhanced photocatalytic efficiency will be explored. And based on studying the effect of the kinds, proportions and contents of doped elements on the phases, crystal structure, morphology, optical absorption properties and photocatalytic activity, the interaction between the photo-induced carriers transportation,the quantum conversion efficiency and microstructure and doping elements will be investigated. Furthermore, the mechanism of enhanced photocatalytic activity being attributed to t
英文关键词: agricultural stalks;vandate;sol-gel method;photocatalysis;codoping