选择性吸附Cr(VI)导向的分级负载型氧化铝吸附剂的结构设计与可控制备

项目名称： 选择性吸附Cr(VI)导向的分级负载型氧化铝吸附剂的结构设计与可控制备

项目编号： No.21476179

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 有机化学

项目作者： 蔡卫权

作者单位： 武汉理工大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 近年来我国Cr、Cd、Pb、Hg和类金属As等重点重金属的污染事件出现高发态势，新型高性能负载型纳米金属氧化物吸附剂的研制为重金属废水的减排与治理提供了新的契机。本项目着眼于高性能选择性吸附Cr(VI)吸附剂的研制，基于分级形貌和介孔结构协同增强吸附性能的发现以及活性氧化铝适于吸附水体中重金属的独特物理化学特性，首先采用项目组有一定研究基础的溶胶-凝胶法、溶剂蒸发诱导自转变法和水热法制备系列分级氧化铝材料，经焙烧、浸渍负载-NH2、-COOH和-SH等前体盐制备功能化分级负载型氧化铝；随后在竞争阴离子和多种重金属离子共存下，研究典型样品的分级形貌、介孔结构和功能化基团与其重金属吸附性能之间的关系，揭示其选择性吸附Cr(VI)功能导向的作用机理，并构建高效的重金属动态吸附-脱附-再生循环使用系统。该研究将发展分级负载型介孔氧化铝的可控制备方法，促进其在重金属废水处理领域中的应用基础研究。

中文关键词： 分级结构；负载型氧化铝吸附剂；可控制备；选择性吸附；Cr(VI)废水处理

英文摘要： In recent years, the key heavy metal pollution incidents including Cr, Cd, Pb, Hg and metalloid As in China occur in succession, and development of novel nano metal oxide supported adsorbent with excellent adsorption performance provides new opportunity for reduction and treatment of heavy metal wastewater. Based on the finding that the hierarchical morphology and the mesoporous structure will synergisticlly improve the adsorption performance, and the unique physicochemical characteristics of the activated alumina which is suitable for adsorption of heavy metal ions in wastewater, we aim at developing adsorbent with high selective adsorption performance toward Cr(VI). A series of hierarchical aluminas will firstly be prepared by sol-gel method, evaporation-induced self-assembly method and hydrothermal method for which we have certain research base to some degree. The -NH2, -COOH and -SH groups functionalized hierarchical alumina supported adsorbent will then be prepared by followed calcination and impregnation of their appropriate precursors. Effects of the hierarchical morphologies, the mesoporous structures and the functional groups of the typical samples on their adsorption performance toward heavy metal ions will be studied under the condition of coexistence of competitive anions and heavy metal ions. Finally, selective adsorption mechanism of the typical samples toward Cr(VI) will be revealed, and the adsorption-desorption-regeneration recycle system with high efficiency towards heavy metal ions will be constructed. This study will develop controllable preparation method of hierarchical alumina supported mesoporous alumina, and promote its applied basic research in the field of heavy metal wastewater treatment.

英文关键词： hierarchical structure;alumina supported adsorbent;controllable preparation;selective adsorption;Cr(VI) wastewater treatment