碳纳米管电极生物膜降解PPCPs的协同机制与调控原理

项目名称： 碳纳米管电极生物膜降解PPCPs的协同机制与调控原理

项目编号： No.50878014

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 胡翔

作者单位： 北京化工大学

项目金额： 36万元

中文摘要： 药品和个人护理用品PPCPs是一类新型有机污染物，对环境及人类健康存在潜在的威胁，目前还没有成熟的方法对其进行有效控制。项目以三氯生、双氯芬酸、布洛芬等为目标污染物，采用吸附法、电化学法和电极-生物膜法对其进行降解。考察了多壁碳纳米管对三氯生、双氯芬酸的吸附性能，热力学分析表明：三氯生和双氯芬酸在碳纳米管上的吸附为自发的放热过程。制备获得了电化学活性高、性能稳定的单金属及双金属修饰碳纳米管电极。研究了修饰碳纳米管电极对三氯生和双氯芬酸电催化氧化及电催化还原降解，探讨了相关反应动力学与机理。三氯生的电催化氧化降解符合零级反应，反应3小时，三氯生去除率可达99%以上。双氯芬酸的电催化氧化降解符合一级反应，反应2小时，双氯芬酸去除率可达80%以上。三氯生和双氯芬酸的电催化还原降解符合一级反应，反应8小时，去除率可达98%以上，脱氯率达80%以上。修饰碳纳米管电极降解典型PPCPs的主要活性物质为氢气或Ho。研究了电极-生物膜工艺对双氯芬酸和布洛芬的去除效果，考察了外加电场对处理效率影响，探讨了双氯芬酸和布洛芬在电极生物膜工艺中的反应动力学。研究为PPCPs的高效经济降解提供了理论依据。

中文关键词： 药品和个人护理用品；碳纳米管；电催化；电极-生物膜；机理

英文摘要： Pharmaceutical and personal care products PPCPs are a new class of organic pollutants with potential threat to the environment and human health. So far there are no mature approaches to effectively disposal them. In this project, triclosan, diclofenac and Ibuprofen were selected as the model compounds, and treated by adsorption, electrochemistry and electrode-biofilm process respectively. The adsorption properties of triclosan and diclofenac on multi-walled carbon nanotubes were evaluated, and the thermodynamic analysis showed that the adsorption processes were spontaneous exothermic. High electrochemical activity and stable performance of the single metal and bimetallic modified carbon nanotube electrodes were prepared. Degradation of triclosan and diclofenac by modified carbon nanotubes electrodes through electro-catalytic oxidation and electro-catalytic reduction was studied, and the reaction kinetics and mechanism were investigated. The degradation of triclosan by electrocatalytic oxidation accorded with the zero order reaction, the removal efficiency was up to 99% when the reaction time was 3 hours. And the degradation of diclofenac by electrocatalytic oxidation accorded with the first order reaction, the removal efficiency was up to 80% when the reaction time was 2 hours. While, the degradation of triclosan and diclofenac by electrocatalytic reduction accorded with the first order kinetics, and the removal efficiency was up to 98%, and the dechlorination efficiency was up to 80%. The active substances for the degradation of typical PPCPs through modified carbon nanotube electrode were hydrogen gas or free radical hydrogen. The degradation of diclofenac and ibuprofen by electrode - biofilm process was studied, and the effect of the applied electric field on the removal efficiency was evaluated, and the reaction kinetics of diclofenac and ibuprofen through electrode biofilm process was also investigated. The study provides a theoretical basis for efficient and economical degradation of PPCPs.

英文关键词： Pharmaceutical and personal care products ;Carbon nanotubes; Electrocatalytsis; Electrode-biofilm; Mechanism