基于静电相互作用调控纳米粒子分散的纳米复合材料的设计与制备

项目名称： 基于静电相互作用调控纳米粒子分散的纳米复合材料的设计与制备

项目编号： No.51473114

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 郑俊萍

作者单位： 天津大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 与常规的通过纳米粒子表面有机化修饰实现纳米粒子在基体中的均匀分散并增强其与基体的相互作用的思路不同，本项目拟通过与阳离子单体共聚反应，使聚合物基体带上正电荷，利用其所带正电荷与未经有机化修饰的纳米粒子表面负电荷之间的静电相互作用，调控纳米粒子在聚合物基体中的分散形态，增强纳米粒子与聚合物基体的相互作用。对阳离子单体的结构、共聚比例及其在大分子链上的分布状态，纳米粒子的种类、几何特性、表面电荷状态、添加量及其在基体中的分散形态，以及聚合反应过程对纳米复合材料微观结构及宏观性能的影响进行系统地研究；探明设计与制备高性能纳米复合材料的关键控制因素；阐明基于静电相互作用的纳米粒子调控机制；建立实现纳米粒子在聚合物基体中良好分散的有效调控手段。本项目的研究可为聚合物纳米复合材料的设计与制备探索出新途径，有望较好地解决纳米粒子的分散问题，为研究开发高性能纳米复合材料提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 纳米复合材料；静电相互作用；阳离子单体；纳米粒子；设计与制备

英文摘要： In comparison with the conventional method of functionalizing nanoparticles through covalent bonds to improve the dispersion of nanoparticles in polymer matrices and the interfacial adhesion between matrix and nanoparticles, we propose to introduce positive charges into polymer matrices through copolymerization reaction with cationic monomers so that the strong electrostatic interaction between positively charged polymer matrices and negatively charged unmodified nanoparticles could hugely improve the dispersion state of nanoparticles as well as the interfacial adhesion. We will systematically investigate the effect of various factors on both the micro-structure and the macro-performance of the resultant nanocomposties, such as the structure, mass ratio of cationic monomer and its distribution along the polymer chain, the type, geometrical characteristic, magnitude of charge, addition amount and dispersion form of nanoparticles, as well as the polymerization reaction process itself. We will also probe the key controlling factors in designing and fabricating high-performance nanocomposites, reveal the regulatory mechanism of nanoparticels under the influence of electrostatic interactions, and establish an effective measurement to disperse nanoparticles uniformly in polymer matrices. This research probes a new way to design and prepare polymeric nanocomposites, which is expected to solve the dispersion problem of nanoparticles in nanocomposites. In addition, this research also provides theoretical basis for developing high-performance nanocomposites.

英文关键词： nanocomposites;electrostatic interaction;cationic monomer;nanoparticles;design and preparation