大蹄蝠对回声定位信号中不同声成分的处理机制研究

项目名称： 大蹄蝠对回声定位信号中不同声成分的处理机制研究

项目编号： No.31200832

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 听觉神经生物学

项目作者： 付子英

作者单位： 华中师范大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 恒频-调频（CF-FM）蝙蝠的回声定位信号包含一段长的CF成分及其后一段短的下扫FM成分，行为学研究显示两种声成分在蝙蝠回声定位中发挥不同作用，但听中枢神经元处理其回声中不同声成分的机制仍不清楚。申请者前期研究显示，在CF-FM声刺激下，下丘神经元表现出double-on（DO）和single-on（SO）两种反应类型，但其被定型的机制以及它们在处理回声定位信号的功能差异仍需新的研究来证实。本项目拟以CF-FM蝙蝠-大蹄蝠（Hipposideros armiger）为模型，采用电生理、神经药理学以及计算机模拟的方法，探讨其处理回声定位不同声成分的可能神经机制，着重研究定型DO和SO神经元的神经机制、两种类型神经元对回声定位信号共变参数以及多普勒频移所致FM调制率变化的处理机制。研究结果有助于深入了解蝙蝠对回声信号分析的机制，同时对认识人脑对语言声的处理和声语言认知均富有启示作用。

中文关键词： 回声定位信号；下丘神经元；声成分处理；神经调制；神经机制

英文摘要： The echolocation signal of CF-FM (constant frequency-frequency modulation) bat consists of a long CF component followed by a short downward FM terminal component. The ethological studies on the CF-FM bats showed that two sound components of their echolocation signal play different roles during echolocation, respectively. But it is still not clear that the mechanism underlying processing of two sound components in central auditory neurons. Our recent studies showed that the inferior collicular (IC) neurons of the CF-FM bats exhibited two response patterns, i.e. double-on (DO) and single-on (SO), to CF-FM stimulation, but the mechanism underlying shaping these two types of responders and the functional difference between them also still need to be further studied. In present grant proposal, we shall specially study and probe the mechanisms underlying processing two sound components of CF-FM echolocation signal emitted by the bat, shaping the DO and SO response patterns and processing co-change parameters of echolocation signal in the IC neurons of leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros armiger), a CF-FM bat, using the neuro-electrophysiological,neuro-pharmacological and computer simulation methods. The results obtained in the study not only will be helpful to explain the mechanism of bat's echo analysis, but also have an i

英文关键词： echolocation signal；inferior collicular neurons；sound element processing；neural modulation；neural mechanism