地层压裂声源的弹性波传播特性研究

项目名称： 地层压裂声源的弹性波传播特性研究

项目编号： No.11204380

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 物理学I

项目作者： 车小花

作者单位： 中国石油大学（北京）

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 水力压裂是目前世界上油气田增产和非常规油气田开发时应用最广泛且最为有效的石油工程技术措施，而对压裂裂缝的高度、宽度和方位等压裂效果的定量和准确的评价却是一个难题。微地震方法是目前被公认为最有效的评价压裂效果的方法，在国外已经开展了大量的研究工作，但在国内还属于一个亟待研究和解决的问题。本项目拟分别通过数值模拟和物理模拟的方法模拟研究不同位置的压裂声源在不同模型地层中的监测井的不同位置产生的三分量声场特征，研究接收信号中的纵波、横波等不同模式波的偏振特性、幅度特征和到时特征，并对各种模拟结果进行特征分析和统计分析。将各种模式波的传播时间、幅度和偏振方向等信息相结合，对正演模拟数据进行压裂声源定位的反演研究并与正演时的各种参数进行对比以校验研究成果的可靠性。在本项目研究中，尤其注重研究纵横波的偏振特性及其在压裂声源定位研究中的作用。预期本项目研究成果在压裂效果评价技术中有良好的应用前景。

中文关键词： 压裂；声源；弹性波；传播特性；模拟

英文摘要： Nowadays, hydraulic fracturing is not only the most widely used but also the most effective method in promoting the productivity of oil and gas fields as well as in the development of unconventional oil and gas fields around the globe. However, to evaluate the hydraulic fractures by measuring their geometric factors is still a difficult problem. Contemporarily, micro-seismic monitoring is proved to be the most effective way in valuing the effect of hydraulic fracturing. Though much research work has been carried out abroad, it is still a great challenge to be dealt at home. In order to study on the acoustic field characteristics that are brought by fractures with different locations to the monitoring well, this project will combine numerical simulation and physical simulation together, especially research on the polarization, amplitude and arrival properties of compressional(P) waves and shear(S) waves in the received signals from three-component sensors. We will analyze various results for statistics and characteristics. The combination of the travelling time of P/S waves, amplitude and their polarization characteristics will be applied to improve the reliability and the accuracy in the inversion of the source location. On the other hand, the source characteristics and various parameters in forward simulation

英文关键词： hydraulic fracturing；acoustic source；elastic wave；propagation characteristics；simulation