基于细观结构的韧带机械损伤力学特性及其对人体膝关节软骨磨损影响的研究

项目名称： 基于细观结构的韧带机械损伤力学特性及其对人体膝关节软骨磨损影响的研究

项目编号： No.51275267

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 郝智秀

作者单位： 清华大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 膝关节骨关节炎普遍发生于中老年人群中，危害人体健康并带来沉重的经济和社会负担，膝关节韧带损伤引起的韧带功能障碍是加剧关节软骨磨损导致骨关节炎恶化的重要因素。本项目提出从实验和理论建模两方面，采用宏细观结合的方法量化表征韧带损伤力学特性及与膝关节软骨磨损损伤的关系。项目首先进行人体关节软骨样本块和完整膝关节软骨的力学性能及磨损实验，获得软骨材料及磨损数据，探究描述软骨磨损的建模方法，构建含多力学变量的软骨磨损损伤模型；其次开展韧带宏观和细观拉伸实验，提出韧带宏观本构关系中体积可压缩项描述方法，研究表征韧带力学行为的I型和III型胶原纤维细观结构关键参数，建立含细观结构参数的韧带宏观本构关系并进行实验验证。通过分析韧带损伤后胶原纤维等参数的变化，构建韧带损伤发生、扩展等阶段的韧带本构。最后建立含韧带不同损伤情况的膝关节有限元模型，研究典型动作下关节软骨磨损特性，为膝关节炎的防治提供力学基础。

中文关键词： 磨损；本构关系；软骨；韧带；膝关节

英文摘要： Knee osteoarthritis commonly occurs in the elderly population. It endangers human health and brings the heavy economic and social burden. Anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency and the resulting instability and mechanical change are main factors to degeneration of articular cartilage and osteoarthritis. Our objective is to quantitative description of the mechanical properties of ligament with injury and the wear of the articular cartilage based on both experimental and theoretical models using macro- and meso combined methods. First mechanical properties and wear test performed using human knee cartilage specimen and complete knee cartilage under various working conditions to get cartilage material data and wear data.The wear models are explored to discribe the relations of cartilage wear and mechanical multivariate. Secondly, the ligament macro and meso tensile test carried out to correct volume compressible item. The meso-structure key parameters of type I and type III collagen fibers are analyzed so as to characterize the ligament mechanical properties. The macro-constitutive relation of ligament containing the meso-structure key parameters considering the ligament various condistions of injury are studied and verified experimently. Finally, we will establish the knee joint three-dimensional finite elemen

英文关键词： Wear；Constitutive Relation；Cartilage；Collagen；Knee