弱光照条件的海洋水色卫星遥感机理研究

项目名称： 弱光照条件的海洋水色卫星遥感机理研究

项目编号： No.41271378

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 何贤强

作者单位： 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 传统极轨水色卫星遥感通常是在强光照条件下（临近中午）观测，但对于白昼连续观测的静止水色卫星遥感而言，将面临严重的弱光照（早晨或傍晚）观测问题。当太阳天顶角很大时（弱光照条件），目前水色卫星遥感所基于的理论基础，即平面平行分层大气、海洋辐射传输模型将不再适用，须考虑地球曲面效应。此外，在弱光照条件下，水色信噪比严重降低，将面临卫星遥感探测的可行性问题。 本项目主要针对静止水色卫星遥感所面临的弱光照观测问题，研制考虑地球曲面的海洋-大气耦合矢量辐射传输模型,定量分析地球曲面对辐射传输的影响；在此基础上，探索弱光照条件下水色卫星遥感探测的可行性，建立弱光条件下的大气校正模型，实现弱光条件下的海洋水色卫星遥感。本项目研究成果可为静止水色卫星遥感提供模型基础，也可直接应用于静止水色卫星遥感资料及高纬度极轨水色卫星资料的信息处理，并为发展我国自主静止海洋水色卫星打下理论基础。

中文关键词： 水色遥感；弱光照；辐射传输模型；静止卫星；大气校正

英文摘要： Gennerally, observation by tradiational polar-orbit ocean color satellite remote sensing is near the noon with strong solar incident irradiance. However, the geostationary ocean color satellite needs continue observation during daylight from sunrise to sunset. Thus, geostationary ocean color satellite should be faced with the condition of weak solar incident irradiance at the sunrise or sunset time. During weak solar incident irradiance, the foundational theroy of the ocean color satellite remote sensing under strong solar incident irradiance, which is the radiative transfer models of the atmosphere and ocean based on the plane-parallel mdedium assumption, can not be applied to large solar zenith angle, and it should consider the curvilinear of the Earth surrface. Moreover, under the condition of weak solar incident irradiance, the ocean color signal-to-noise ratio decreases significantly, and the feasibility of satellite remote sensing is also a problem. This project focus on the scientific problem of the geostationary ocean color satellite remote sensing under weak solar incident irradiance. We will firstly develop the coupled ocean-atmosphere vector radiative transfer model for spherical-shell atmosphere and ocean, and quantificationally analyze the effect of the curvilinear of Earth surrface on the radiative

英文关键词： Ocean color remote sensing；weak irradiance；radiative transfer model；geostationary satellite；atmospheric correction