项目名称: 典型大陆型冰川冰雪融水稳定同位素演化过程的观测和模拟
项目编号: No.41271085
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 天文学、地球科学
项目作者: 吴锦奎
作者单位: 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所
项目金额: 80万元
中文摘要: 同位素分馏贯穿于冰雪融水形成和演化的各个环节。在野外观测和取样分析的基础上,以稳定同位素分馏的理论和方法为基础,结合模型模拟方法,本项目拟在大陆性冰川作用区具有典型性的疏勒河老虎沟12号冰川流域来研究冰川和积雪融水中稳定同位素(D和O-18)组分的形成和演化过程。通过对流域内不同融水介质同位素组成的时空变化特征分析,定性理解融水同位素在不同介质中的分布和转化关系,并为同位素混合模型在寒区中的更好应用提供依据;通过探求融水稳定同位素组成与气象要素(气温、降水)、能量变化、冰川变化的关系,定量或经验性地揭示融水同位素组成受环境因子影响的程度;通过将同位素分馏机制嵌入分布式能量-物质平衡模型中模拟融水稳定同位素组成的演化过程,并对模型进行检验,从理论上理解融水同位素演化过程中对环境变化的响应机制,从方法上为进一步开展气候-冰川-径流系统研究、探索冰川变化及其对水资源影响评价提供一种新的尝试。
中文关键词: 稳定同位素;能量物质平衡;同位素分馏;水文模型;冰川流域
英文摘要: Isotopic fractionation impenetrates in all aspects of the formation and evolution process of the glacier-snow melt water.On the basis of the field observation and sampling measurement, by using the theories and methods of isotopic fractionation combined with model simulation ,the research project focuses on the evolution process of stable isotopes(D and O-18)in glacier-snow melt water in Laohugou No.12 Glacier,a typical contenental glacier in Shule River basin.With the analysis of temporal and spatial variation characteristics of stable isotopes composition in all kinds of melt water media such as precipitation, snowcover, glacier ice, stream water and groundwater, a qualitative understanding of stable isotope distribution and transformation of melt water is studied. This helps to provide a better application of isotope mixing model in cold area.Through the research on the relationship between the melt water stable isotopic composition and meteorological factors(air temperature, precipitation), energy budget, glacier mass equilibrium, quantitative or empirical influence degree of isotopic components in melt water to environmental factors is estimated. Embedded the isotope fractionation mechanism into distributed energy -mass balance model to simulate the evolution process of stable isotope composition in glacie
英文关键词: stable isotopes;energy-mass balance model;isotope fractionation;hydrological model;glacier catchment