非卤化物类双亲性烷基咪唑盐组装溶致液晶及其应用

项目名称： 非卤化物类双亲性烷基咪唑盐组装溶致液晶及其应用

项目编号： No.21303267

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 张国栋

作者单位： 中国石油大学（华东）

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 寻求具有特定功能和性质的新型双亲分子及其构筑的有序聚集结构是聚集体化学发展的重要内容。烷基咪唑型室温离子液体在催化、有机合成、萃取分离、电化学等领域备受关注。结构的可设计性使得上述咪唑盐能够表现出双亲性，成为一类具有特定催化、溶解性能的新型表面活性物质。目前，用于组装溶致液晶的双亲性咪唑盐皆为熔点较高的长链烷基咪唑卤化物。本项目拟设计选取兼具离子液体性质和表面活性的非卤化物类烷基咪唑盐用于组装溶致液晶等有序聚集体，考察分子结构、添加剂等多种因素对有序聚集结构形态和性质的调控，探求组装规律。该研究旨在突破目前表面活性剂型咪唑盐多为卤化物的限制，重点考察非卤化物类双亲性烷基咪唑盐组装有序聚集结构的作用机制，并有望将离子液体的催化、溶解性等功能特性引入溶致液晶等有序聚集体，对于建立新型介观超分子结构、拓展组装体系类型和功能，具有重要的理论研究和应用价值。

中文关键词： 溶致液晶；1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑硝酸盐；1-烷基-3-甲基咪唑乙酸盐；胶束；自组装

英文摘要： That exploring new amphiphilic molecules with specific properties and function and their aggregates is very important for the development of colloid science and self-organization. Alkyl-substituted imidazolium salts have attracted considerable attention in the areas of catalysis, organic synthesis, electrochemistry and liquid/liquid extraction. By proper design on cationic or anionic parts, they might become amphiphilic componds with specific properties of catalysis or solvation. Ordered assemblies composed of these imidazolium salts and solvents would exhibit potential applications in many fields. However, only the long-chain alkyl-substituted imidazolium halide have successfully formed lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs). In this project, non-halide types of alkyl-substituted imidazolium salts are to be designed and to be used to construct LLC assemblies. Influence of factors including cations, anions, molecular structure, temperature, composition and additives on the ordered aggregate will be discussed to find out the general assembling mechanism. Alkyl-substituted imidazolium halides have been proven to construct ordered aggregates successfully and easily for their strong hydrogen-bond interaction from anions. This project will focus on what kinds of imidazolium salts other than halides could construct LLCs and

英文关键词： lyotropic liquid crystal；1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate；1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate；micelle；self-assembly