受生命体中量子相干效应启发的量子相干器件设计

项目名称： 受生命体中量子相干效应启发的量子相干器件设计

项目编号： No.11505007

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 艾清

作者单位： 北京师范大学

项目金额： 18万元

中文摘要： 量子力学是描述微观世界的客观规律，既然生物体是由原子、分子等构成，那么在宏观生命体中应该存在量子相干效应。近十年以来，越来越多的实验证据表明，生命体中的确存在量子相干效应，且被用来支持生物过程，譬如光合作用中能量传输和鸟类的迁徙。自然界中的生物经过数亿年的优胜劣汰演化，终于在残酷的环境中生存下来，由此启发的量子相干器件设计必然能更好地服务于人类社会。本项目主要研究利用量子相干效应优化分子的空间分布，从而提高能量传输效率，由此设计高效率的能量传输器件；并以自由基对假说为基础，通过初态制备和外加激光脉冲等量子调控手段增强微弱磁场探测的灵敏度，设计高测量精度的量子导航仪。力争在能量传输和微弱磁场探测方面做出一些有创新性的研究成果，推进量子相干器件的研究发展。

中文关键词： 量子光学；光合作用中的能量传输；鸟类导航；量子相干器件

英文摘要： Quantum mechanics is the theory for describing the phenomena in microscopic world. Since living organisms consist of atoms and molecules, it is reasonable to observe quantum coherent effects in macroscopic living organisms. In the past decade, more and more experimental evidences were in favor of the existence of quantum coherent effects in living organisms. Moreover, quantum coherence is fully utilized to support life processes, e.g. exciton energy transfer in photosynthesis and avian navigation. In the past billions of years, survival of the fittest resulted in the evolution of organisms best adapted to the environment. Therefore, the quantum coherent devices inspired by quantum coherence effects in living organisms can certainly serve human beings. By means of quantum coherence, we aim to optimize the spatial arrangement of molecules to improve energy transfer efficiency and thus design light harvesting devices with a high quantum yield. Based on the radical-pair mechanism, we utilize quantum control such as preparation of initial states and application of laser pulses to enhance the sensitivity of detecting weak magnetic fields in order to design quantum navigator with high precision. We hope that we will obtain some interesting discoveries about energy transfer and detection of weak magnetic fields and advance the research about quantum coherent devices.

英文关键词： quantum optics;exciton energy transfer in photosynthesis;avian navigation;quantum coherent device