疼痛敏感性个体差异的神经机制研究

项目名称： 疼痛敏感性个体差异的神经机制研究

项目编号： No.31500921

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 神经、认识与心理学

项目作者： 彭微微

作者单位： 深圳大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 疼痛是一种复杂的主观体验，它不仅反映感觉系统传递的伤害性神经冲动，还受各种心理，社会因素的影响。这便导致不同个体表现出不同的疼痛感觉阈限和耐受阈限，或对同样的物理刺激或者临床疾病产生不同的疼痛感受，即疼痛敏感性的个体差异。前期研究表明：疼痛敏感性的个体差异不仅能显著影响其疼痛感知，而且会影响疾病的及时诊断和治疗，以及慢性疼痛症状的发展。因此疼痛敏感性个体差异的机制研究意义重大，这有望拓展人体疼痛信息处理机制理论，并为临床慢性疼痛疾病的诊断及预防提供可参考的依据。.本项目将通过结合使用脑电、功能性核磁共振和行为学数据采集技术，探究个体人口统计学（如性别）、神经生理学（如脑结构与功能）以及心理学（如焦虑水平）特征与疼痛敏感性的关系，提取与疼痛敏感性相关的特异性指标，进而揭示疼痛敏感性个体差异的神经机制。此项目的开展不仅有助于完善疼痛相关神经理论，也可为慢性疼痛的预防、诊断和治疗提供有效的建议。

中文关键词： 疼痛敏感性；神经生理学；心理学；脑电；功能性核磁共振

英文摘要： Pain is a complex sensory experience which does not only simply reflect sensory information processing but also can be substantially influenced by various psychological and environmental factors. Thus, individuals have different levels of pain sensory threshold and tolerable threshold, or perceive same sensory events or clinical symptoms greatly different, which reflects the difference of individual’s sensitivity to pain. Previous studies have demonstrated that such individual difference of pain sensitivity influences pain experience, the diagnoses and treatment of clinical diseases, as well as the development of chronic pain syndromes. The investigation of the mechanisms for individual pain sensitivity would be of significant importance, since it will elaborate our understandings of painful sensory information processing, and provide the basis of chronic pain prevention and diagnosis. ..With the combination of Electroencephalogram (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and behavioral data collection techniques, we propose to investigate the association between individuals’ sensitivity to pain and their demographical (e.g., sex), neurophysiological (e.g., brain anatomy and functions), and psychological (e.g., anxiety) characteristics, extract the index that is specific to individual pain sensitivity, and finally reveal the neural mechanisms of individual pain sensitivity. The outcome of this project will be crucial not only to the improvement of the neural theory of pain, but also to the prevention, diagnoses, and treatment of clinical chronic pain.

英文关键词： Pain sensitivity;Neurophysiology;Psychology;Electroencephalogram (EEG);Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)