驾驶员视觉注意聚焦及转移模式与隧道空间通视性研究

项目名称： 驾驶员视觉注意聚焦及转移模式与隧道空间通视性研究

项目编号： No.51308059

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 建筑科学

项目作者： 阎莹

作者单位： 长安大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 课题利用眼动仪等设备测试不同路段真实运行环境下、不同个体的眼动模式和驾驶行为，通过分析驾驶员的动态视觉特征，研究反映眼动三维时空特征的视觉注意聚焦分布特征；分析视觉注意转移的影响因素，研究驾驶员视觉注意转移的空间不对称性及模式规律，探讨驾驶员视觉认知的过程；根据隧道路段驾驶员眼动轨迹变化，确定驾驶员的纵向视觉搜索范围，建立驾驶员在动视角范围内以一定速度行驶时，多因素影响下的隧道通视性模型；根据视觉注意分布状态空间划分，针对不同通视性条件下视觉注意分布的齐次性和叠加性，构建基于马尔科夫过程的视觉注意转移模型；基于视觉注意转移参量、速度变化与空间通视性三者之间的内在关联性，对比不同空间通视型隧道路段驾驶员视觉注意转移模式及驾驶行为（车速控制、车道变换、加减速）的差异性，进而揭示不同空间通视性隧道的风险模式特征及潜在风险的视觉发现模式。

中文关键词： 驾驶员；视觉认知；注意聚焦；注意转移；空间通视性模型

英文摘要： The eye movement pattern and driver behavior of different individual under real traffic environments were tested with eye movement tracking device. The visual attention focus distribution of three-dimensional space characteristics were studied based on the analysis of dynamic visual characteristics. The influence parameters of visual attention shift were analyzed. The space asymmetric and patterns of drivers' visual attention shifts were studied. The drivers' visual cognitive process was explored. The drivers' vertical visual search range was determined through quantifying eye movement variation. At certain driving speed and deflection angle of sight, the spatial visual models with many influence factors were proposed. According to the dividing of visual attention distribution state space, the visual attention shifts mode was established based on the Markov process against the homogeneous and overlay of visual attention distribution. According to the intrinsic correlation among speed variation, visual behavior parameters and spatial visual pattern, the differences of driving behavior (speed control, lane change, acceleration and deceleration) and visual attention shifts mode were compared with different spatial visual conditions. Thus the risk mode characteristics and visual discovery mode of potential risk of d

英文关键词： drivers；visual cognition；attention focus；attention shift；spatial visual model