基于应急疏散Agent的城市避难所空间选址研究

项目名称： 基于应急疏散Agent的城市避难所空间选址研究

项目编号： No.41201548

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 於家

作者单位： 上海师范大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 城市避难所的空间选址问题一直是灾害防治和城市安全研究领域的热点问题。城市避难所的选址必须以有效的人员疏散安置为目标。但是目前缺乏城市应急疏散和防灾避难的综合建模研究，在选址方法上比较传统，利用智能式方法来展开研究的实例还比较少。在这种情况下，本课题拟在Agent技术、三维GIS和遥感等技术的支持下，整合遥感影像数据、人口分布数据、交通路网数据和专家知识数据等，以应急疏散人员Agent模拟为方法，建立城市避难所空间选址模型，实现多种避难所空间布局的演绎生成,并通过仿真模拟来完成选址的检验。课题还将以上海市应急避难所空间选址分析为案例，为当地的避难所规划与配备提供参考方案。通过本课题的研究，将丰富城市避难所选址的相关理论与可操作性的技术基础，并为我国其他地区开展避难所的选址工作提供借鉴与参考。

中文关键词： 智能体模型；应急疏散；城市避难场所；道路拥堵；AHP

英文摘要： The problem of urban spatial location-allocation of shelters is always a hot spot in field of hazard prevention and urban security. Location-allocation of urban shelters should hold the objective that effectively evacuating and helping settle down refugees. But recent researches neglect integrated modeling of urban emergency evacuation and taking refuge. Moreover, the methods of location-allocation in the field are relatively traditional. Few research case studies utilize intelligence methods. Under these circumstances, the project is based on Agent technology, 3D GIS and remote sensing; integrate image data, population distribution data, traffic network data and expert knowledge data. It applies the method of simulation by agent of emergency evacuation to build the spatial location-allocation model of urban shelters, to implement the generation of spatial distribution of different kinds of shelters. It also utilizes simulation methods to conduct verification of the results. The project will also have a case study in Shanghai, which can provide proposals for local planning and allocating of shelters. This project will enrich the methods of urban spatial location-allocation and practical technical foundations. It will be a good reference for location-allocation work of shelter in other regions of China.

英文关键词： agent-based model；emergent evacuation；urban shelter；road congestion；AHP