重金属铅胁迫影响植食性昆虫斜纹夜蛾生殖的机理研究

项目名称： 重金属铅胁迫影响植食性昆虫斜纹夜蛾生殖的机理研究

项目编号： No.31200308

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生态学

项目作者： 舒迎花

作者单位： 华南农业大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 随着工业化、城市化的迅猛发展，重金属铅（Pb）污染对环境尤其对人类健康的影响已成全球关注的问题。环境中的Pb可通过土壤-植物-植食性昆虫在昆虫体内积累，使其受到影响。昆虫作为生物多样性的重要组成部分，Pb胁迫对其生殖的影响及机理研究甚少。本项目以植食性昆虫斜纹夜蛾（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）为研究对象，研究昆虫生殖相关器官的Pb积累和结构变化，检测昆虫脑、神经节和内分泌腺的DNA损伤，测定昆虫生殖阶段的营养物质、生殖相关基因和激素的变化，阐明Pb胁迫通过直接作用于昆虫生殖相关器官（组织、细胞水平），调控脑、神经节和内分泌腺调节-激素分泌-基因表达-营养物质合成和转运这一昆虫生殖生理生化过程（间接作用，生理生化与分子水平），以及直接和间接作用相呼应来影响昆虫生殖。研究结果旨在揭示Pb胁迫对植食性昆虫生殖毒害的机理，对全面评估重金属污染对生态系统食物链的影响及昆虫生殖控制都具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。

中文关键词： 重金属；铅胁迫；斜纹夜蛾；昆虫生殖；生态基因组学

英文摘要： With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, it has become a global concern that heavy metal Lead (Pb) pollution affects environment, especially for human health. Pb from the environment can be accumulated in body of insects through soil-plants-herbivorous insects, which posesses potential risks to them. Although insects play the important roles in biodiversity, little is known regarding the studies on the mechanisms and effects of heavy metal Pb stress affecting their reproduction. In present study, considered herbivorous insects Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) as test object, Pb accumulations and structural changes in S. litura organs closely related to insect reproduction will be investigated, DNA damages of insect brain, ganglion and endocrine gland will be detected, changes in nutrition matter, genes closely related to the reproduction, endocrine hormones of insect during the reproducitve stage will be determined. Which will clarify the mechanisms of Pb stress affecting the reproduction of herbivorous insects: to affect insect organs closely related to the reproduction directly (at the tissue and cellular level), to regulate the physiological and biochemical process of insect reproduction (the regulation of brain, ganglion and endocrine gland - the secretion of horm

英文关键词： Heavy metal；Lead stress；Spodoptera litura；Insect reproduction；Ecological genomics