城市浅埋隧道爆破振动灾害机理及预测系统研究

项目名称： 城市浅埋隧道爆破振动灾害机理及预测系统研究

项目编号： No.51208036

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 建筑环境与结构工程学科

项目作者： 施建俊

作者单位： 北京科技大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 爆破振动对周边环境的影响已成为制约城市浅埋隧道安全施工的一项主要瓶颈，探索浅埋隧道近区爆破振动传播机理和衰减规律，实现爆破振动的准确预测和有效控制，对保证施工安全具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。本课题将对浅埋隧道爆破振动高程放大效应机理、爆破振动预测系统的建立和投影寻踪技术预测模型的相对优越性能展开系统的研究。主要包括分析地形高程与爆破地震波的内在联系，构建浅埋隧道爆破地震波传播的数理模型，研究地震波传播中的透射与反射动力学过程、频率变化规律以及能量的耗损方向，获得浅埋隧道爆破振动高程放大效应机理。在大量现场监测数据的基础上，运用投影寻踪技术，模拟振动峰值的生成与演变过程，阐明不同参量对速度峰值的影响规律，明晰爆破参数对预测结果的调控机制，建立普适性的高精度投影寻踪模型，实现爆破振动速度峰值的准确预测。同时对比分析投影寻踪模型预测法与一般预测法、波形叠加预测法的准确合理性。

中文关键词： 浅埋隧道；爆破振动；投影寻踪；BP神经网络；计算机预测系统

英文摘要： Blasting vibration on the surrounding environment has become a major bottleneck restricting urban shallow tunnel construction safety. Exploring the transmission mechanism and the attenuation law of the blasting vibration near the shallow tunnel, predicting accurate and controlling effective of the blasting vibration, which has an important theoretical value and practical significance on ensuring construction safety. This topic will conduct a systematic study on the elevation amplification effect mechanism of shallow tunnel blasting vibration, the blasting vibration prediction system and the relative superiority of Projection Pursuit technology forecasting model. Including analysis the inner contact of the elevation and blasting seismic wave, build the mathematical model of the blasting seismic wave in shallow tunnel, to study the dynamics process of transmission and reflection, frequency variation as well as energy loss direction of during the propagation process of seismic wave, and to obtain the height amplification effect mechanism of blasting vibration in shallow tunnel. On the basis of a large number of on-site monitoring data, using the projection pursuit techniques to simulate the generation and evolution of vibration peak, clarify the influence effect of different parameters on the speed peak, to clari

英文关键词： Shallow tunnel；Blasting vibration；Projection pursuit；BP neural network；Computer prediction system