叶面型水稻病虫害高光谱响应特性及监测机理研究

项目名称： 叶面型水稻病虫害高光谱响应特性及监测机理研究

项目编号： No.41301483

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 刘占宇

作者单位： 杭州师范大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 稻白叶枯病和稻纵卷叶螟是典型的叶面型水稻病虫害，具有近似的"失绿"又"失水"为害状，呈现 "同谱异害" 的特征更加剧了遥感识别的难度。本项目结合病虫害通常受多因素影响的现状，设置水分、肥力和密度等复合影响实验，在室内叶片、田间冠层和田块三个尺度上，获取相应的成像光谱和个体理化指标、群体参数。先采用多种光谱分析技术，确定前述病虫害和生理性胁迫在400-1700nm相同的和可能的专属性光谱响应段，构建新型高光谱特征参数和植被指数；再运用统计模型、电磁波辐射传输机理模型和数据挖掘算法估算个体理化指标和群体参数；最后在高光谱图像端元光谱、为害状、纹理特征提取和分类的基础上，通过输入高光谱参量或反映病虫为害的理化指标、群体参数两种模式，构建基于病虫害物候信息、生境信息和专家知识的高光谱遥感模型，从而精确地判别和定量地反演稻白叶枯病和稻纵卷叶螟的为害程度，为为害状近似的农作物病虫害遥感监测提供借鉴。

中文关键词： 高光谱遥感；光谱特征；叶面病虫害；水稻；异质性

英文摘要： Rice Bacterial Blight (RBB, Xanthomonas ryzae) and Rice Leaf Folder (RLF, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Güenée)) are two typical foliar disease and insect pests in rice crop. The damage symptoms of RBB and RLF are similar. When the rice leaves are infected by the bacteria of Xanthomonas oryzae and fed by the larva of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Güenée), the rice leaves exhibit chlorosis and leaf water content decreases. It's difficult to discriminate RBB and RLF using optical remote sensing technique because the same spectral characteristics are caused by different pests in remote sensing images. Generally, the occurrence of disease and insect pests are influenced by many physiological factors in paddy rice fields, which was ignored by most of the current researches. The single and multiple physiological factors (i.e. water, nitrogen and planting density) are considered in the application project.The hyperspectral reflectance of imaging spectroradiometer, physiochemical parameters of single leaf and population parameters of rice crops are measured at the leaf scale under laboratory, the field canopy scale and the regional scale. Firstly, same spectral wavebands and exclusive spectral wavebands from visible to shortwave spectral regions (400-1700nm) are determined among RBB, RLF and water supply, nitrogen condition an

英文关键词： Hyperspectral Remote Sensing；Spectral Characteristics；Foliar Disease and Insect Pests；Rice Crop；Heterogeneous