锂硫电池中硫/碳复合材料退化机理的质谱学研究

项目名称： 锂硫电池中硫/碳复合材料退化机理的质谱学研究

项目编号： No.51472261

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 钱荣

作者单位： 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 锂硫电池是一种具有高比能量、成本低廉、环境友好等优点的绿色电池，但其电极材料退化、容量衰减等因素导致循环性能差进而制约了大规模推广使用。本项目拟以锂硫二次电池中硫/碳复合材料为研究对象，系统研究硫/碳复合材料在多种气氛条件下的退化机理。研究计划包括：(1)制备并优化硫/碳复合材料，以及与导电剂、粘结剂、电解液、负极等多种组合体系；(2)在多种气氛下，运用GD-MS、在线(on-line)GC-MS方法、ESI-MS初步研究不同体系中硫/碳复合材料退化过程中可能的热力学行为、分解、氧化等反应，依据经典理论推测可能的反应中间体及历程；(3)在线分析与联用质谱技术全面、深入监控气相及液相组分，分离、捕捉并表征活泼中间体及产物，验证、阐释反应机理；(4)揭示材料退化机理及规律，探讨引起退化的主导因素，提出抑制退化的有效途径，为硫/碳复合材料的改进以及锂硫电池的容量及循环性能提高提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 锂硫电池；硫/碳复合材料；退化机理；质谱学；研究

英文摘要： Lithium sulfur battery is a kind of green battery with highest specific-energy density, low cost and environment friendliness. But poor cycling performance caused by degradation or dissolution reactions has restrained the development and application. In the present project, many kinds of sulfur/carbon composite materials will be prepared and used for the systematic studies of degradation mechanism. The project details include: (1) Many mixtures of sulfur/carbon composite materials, and adhesive, electric agents, electrolyte and so on will be prepared and optimized previously; (2) In different conditions, on-line GD-MS, GC-MS and ESI-MS will be applied to study the thermal behavior, decomposition, oxidation reactions, then the possible reactive intermediates and mechanism can be predicted according to the results and typical theory; (3) The on-line analysis and coupled mass spectrometry technique will be deeply used to monitor the gas phase and liquid compounds, and isolate, capture and characterize the reactive intermediates, which can help to clarify the predicted mechanism; (4) Finally, the degeneration mechanism and regularity of sulfur/carbon composite materials will be proposed, and the main factors caused the degradation of sulfur/carbon composite materials will be probed. Moreover, the feasible pathway will be proposed to improve or inhibit the degradation of sulfur/carbon composite as cathode for lithium sulfur batteries. The present studies will be hoped to provide the important information for the improvement of sulfur/carbon composite materials and cycling performance of lithium sulfur batteries.

英文关键词： lithium sulfur battery;sulfur/carbon composite materials;degradation mechanism;mass spectrometry;study