IIB族金属纳米结构气相生长机理研究

项目名称： IIB族金属纳米结构气相生长机理研究

项目编号： No.51471115

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 杜希文

作者单位： 天津大学

项目金额： 85万元

中文摘要： IIB族金属（Zn、Cd）纳米结构表现出优异的物理化学性能，是一类有广阔应用前景的新材料。目前主流的合成工艺为高温气相法，但尚缺乏成熟的合成理论，得到的产物结构也不完美。本项目提出活性气体可以诱导活泼金属取向生长、进而控制产物形貌的理论设想，得到了前期实验结果的支持。围绕这一设想，本项目从分子层次提出了活性气体调控取向生长的机制，并从理论计算和实验研究两方面系统设计了研究方案，深入研究IIB族活泼金属纳米结构在活性气氛条件下的生长机理，调查活性气体诱导活泼金属取向生长的普适性，获得可控合成活泼金属纳米结构的全面认识。在理论指导下，选择合适的活性气体和工艺参数，得到结构可控，尺寸均匀的IIB族金属纳米结构，如纳米片、纳米棒、纳米管等，并尝试将其应用在光电转换器件中。本项目将揭示气相合成过程中影响活泼金属纳米结构的关键因素，为可控合成活泼金属纳米结构提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 纳米材料；纳米结构；金属纳米材料

英文摘要： As typical active metal nanomaterials, IIB group metal （Zn, Cd） nanostructures exhibit excellent physical and chemical properties, and promise wide applications. However, it is hard to obtain perfect active metal nanostructures via popular gas-phase routes so far due to the absence of rigorous theory in this field. In this proposal, we suggest a hypothesis on the orientated growth of active metals, which involves the induction of reactive gas and then the controllable growth of certain crystal planes. Such a hypothesis was supported by our primary experimental results. To testify this hypothesis, we specify the hypothesis at the molecular scale, and design research plan from the calculation and experiment aspects. On the basis of the knowledge of IIB group metal materials, we further extend the research to the other active metals so as to investigate the universality of the theory. Finally, we plan to synthesize uniform IIB group metal nanostructures with controllable morphologies, such as nanoplates, nanorods and nanotubes, and transform them into II-VI group compound nanostructures by properly selecting reactive gas and experimental parameters, then try to apply the product in photoelectrical devices. This research will discover the key factors determining the final morphologies, and build up a fundamental for controllable synthesis of active metal nanostructures.

英文关键词： nanomaterials;nanostructure;nanometal