联合噪声条件下量子密码协议安全性分析理论研究

项目名称： 联合噪声条件下量子密码协议安全性分析理论研究

项目编号： No.61472048

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 李剑

作者单位： 北京邮电大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 多数在理想条件下设计的量子密码协议没有考虑实际通信中噪声的影响，可能造成机密信息不能被准确传输，或可能存在窃听隐藏在噪声中的风险，因此分析噪声条件下量子密码协议的安全性具有重要的意义。本项目拟分析已有量子密码协议在联合噪声条件下的安全性，针对如何定量地区分量子信道中噪声和窃听的问题，采用粒子偏转模型，对量子信道中的联合噪声进行建模；针对如何定量地分析噪声条件下量子信道的安全性问题，采用冯o诺依曼熵理论建立窃听者能窃取的信息量与量子比特误码率、噪声水平三者之间的函数关系；针对如何证明量子密码协议在联合噪声条件下是否安全的问题，根据联合噪声模型及窃听者能窃取的信息量与量子比特误码率、噪声水平三者之间的关系，定量地分析协议在联合噪声条件下的安全性并计算噪声临界点。本项目研究成果将丰富量子密码学理论，创新噪声条件下的量子密码协议安全性检测方法，有利于推进量子密码协议的实用化进程。

中文关键词： 量子密码学；联合噪音；安全性分析；冯·诺依曼熵

英文摘要： Given that most of quantum cryptography protocols are designed under the ideal conditions and without considering the impact of noise in the actual communication, those may result that the confidential information cannot be transmit to the receiver accurately or eavesdroppers can steal the confidential information by mixing in noise. Therefore, analyzing the security of quantum cryptography protocols under noise conditions are of great significance. The project intends to analyze the security of quantum cryptography protocols in collective noise. For how to distinguish the noise with the eavesdropping in quantum channel quantitatively, the collective noise model will be established in quantum channel by using the particle deflection model. For how to analyze the security of quantum channel in noise quantitatively, the relationship of the amount of information that eavesdroppers can steal, the quantum bits error rate and the noise level will be analyzed by using the Von Neumann entropy. For how to prove the famous quantum cryptographic protocols are secure or not in the collective noise, the project will analyze the security of these protocols in collective noise quantitatively and calculate the noise critical point by using the collective noise model and the relationship of the amount of information that eavesdroppers can steal, the quantum bits error rate and the noise level. The research results of this project will enrich the theory of quantum cryptography, the innovation of security detection methods in quantum cryptographic protocols will help promote the process of practical quantum cryptography.

英文关键词： Quantum cryptography;Collective Noise;Security analysis;Von Neumann entropy