项目名称: 林果害虫春尺蠖性信息素的结构鉴定、合成及活性研究
项目编号: No.31201567
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 植物保护学、园艺学与植物营养学
项目作者: 侯雪玲
作者单位: 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所
项目金额: 21万元
中文摘要: 春尺蠖(Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff)是新疆林果业的主要害虫,在短时间内能将大面积的嫩芽、嫩叶吃光,使树势严重衰弱,甚至造成树木死亡,对防护林带以及当地林果业威胁严重。目前对于春尺蠖主要采取物理及化学防治相结合的方法,但长期使用化学农药,环境受到污染,害虫产生抗药性,大量有益生物和天敌被杀死,生态平衡遭到破坏。本项目以春尺蠖为研究对象,通过采集春尺蠖蛹在室内进行人工羽化,并对不同羽化时间,腺体的提取方法,提取部位,以及不同提取溶剂进行对比,确定最佳实验条件和方法,对春尺蠖腺体进行性信息素的提取分离,鉴定性信息素的成分及结构,通过人工合成性信息素,进行实验室及田间诱蛾活性实验,确定春尺蠖性信息素的化学成分及各成分比例,为利用性诱剂技术对春尺蠖的危害进行预测预报及生物防治打下基础,并为以后分析鉴定及合成新疆其它害虫性信息素提供技术支持。
中文关键词: 春尺蠖;性信息素;结构分析;合成;生物活性
英文摘要: Apocheima cinerarius Erschoff (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a polyphagous defoliator pest, multiplied on the most important shelterbelt in Xinjiang recent years. In very short time, it can eat up the tender leaves in large areas and can damage the trees, even to make them death. At present, the pesticide-based control on the larvae caused serious damage to the ecological environment. For the purpose of establish the foundation for integrated pest management (IPM) with sex pheromone of A. cinerarius, the sex pheromone of female moth was studied in this research, which including: collect the experimental sample, observe living behavior of the female moth, confirm the best extraction method, extract active components of sex pheromone from the gland of female A. cinerarius, identify the active components of sex pheromone, synthesis of the pheromone candidates, evaluate their bioactivity, decide the chemical structure of active components and the ratio for each component. The research not only provides the direction in field tests, but also establishes the foundation for providing an efficiency and environmental protection method in pest control of A. cinerarius.
英文关键词: Apocheima cinerarius Erschof;sex pheromone;structure identification;synthesis;bioactivity