增温和臭氧浓度上升对城市林木-香樟生长和气孔臭氧吸收的复合影响研究

项目名称： 增温和臭氧浓度上升对城市林木-香樟生长和气孔臭氧吸收的复合影响研究

项目编号： No.31300435

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 佟磊

作者单位： 中国科学院城市环境研究所

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 近年来我国城市O3污染日益严重，高浓度O3已对城区林木生长造成严重威胁。与此同时，我国城市化增温效应明显，极端高温频繁发生于我国各大城市。气温升高可显著影响植物生理过程，进而改变其对O3胁迫的响应。鉴于国内有关增温对植物O3敏感性影响研究的缺乏，本项目拟以我国南方典型城市绿化林木-香樟为研究对象，利用开顶式熏气系统，模拟O3浓度和气温升高的生长环境，通过分析植株表观形态、气孔特征、同化产物分配和抗氧化参数的变化，揭示气温升高对香樟O3敏感性的影响机理。同时，利用气孔导度和环境因子实测数据，建立一套针对我国本土植物的气孔导度模拟参数，实现对其气孔O3吸收通量的计算和不同温度处理间通量差异的比较分析，并结合香樟生长损失数据，建立基于O3通量指标的剂量响应关系和风险评价方法，定量分析气温升高条件下O3污染对香樟个体的胁迫程度，为全球气候变化背景下我国南方城区的植被绿化和O3污染防控提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 香樟；O3污染；增温；生理；模型

英文摘要： With the rapid urbanization of our country, O3 pollution has become an increasing serious problem in many cities, where obvious degradation of urban forest caused by high level O3 has been observed. In the meantime, land surface temperature in urban area has increased greatly due to large emissions of greenhouse gases. Many cities have experienced extreme high temperature frequently in recent years. Temperature increases could cause great changes to plant physiology and further alter their responses to O3 stress. Clarifying the interactive effects of elevated temperature and O3 on plant growth is of great significance to O3 risk evaluation and plant protection, but few related researches have been carried out in our country. In this project, an environment with elevated temperature and O3 will be simulated using the open-top chamber system. The injury symptoms, stomatal characteristics, allocation of assimilation products and antioxidant capacity of Cinnamomum camphora cultivated in the chambers will be analyzed, and the influence mechanism of elevated temperature on plant O3 sensitivity will be revealed. Besides, based on the observed data of stomatal conductance (gs) and environmental variables, a set of model parameters for gs forecast of Cinnamomum camphora will be determined, through which the stomatal O3 f

英文关键词： Cinnamomum camphora；O3 pollution；Temperature increase；Physiology；Model