基于飞机观测研究北京地区黑炭质量浓度及其混合结构的垂直特性

项目名称： 基于飞机观测研究北京地区黑炭质量浓度及其混合结构的垂直特性

项目编号： No.41505128

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 田平

作者单位： 北京市气象局

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 黑炭气溶胶浓度、粒径分布和混合结构的垂直分布对气溶胶辐射强迫和云物理有着重要影响。目前研究只关注了地面黑炭光学与化学性质的变化，而大部分黑炭气溶胶都聚集在边界层内，并有着明显的垂直变化。而且其物理性质（粒径和形态）和化学性质（混合结构）在大气中会发生迅速的转变，从而影响对太阳光的吸收能力和成为云凝结核的能力。因此，开展黑炭的垂直分布探测是十分必要的。 .本项目拟利用飞机观测，开展黑炭气溶胶垂直特性的研究。通过单颗粒碳黑气溶胶谱仪（Single Particle Soot Photometer，SP2）和研发的飞机进气口压力控制装置，借助多种气体和气溶胶仪器，对典型污染区域（京津冀区域）开展黑炭浓度、粒径分布和混合状态的系统性实验研究。重点研究北京地区黑炭浓度和混合状态垂直分布特性及其变化规律，详细探讨河北（保定）或天津（武清）区域BC垂直分布特性与北京地区BC垂直分布的对比。

中文关键词： 黑炭；飞机观测；气溶胶光学特性；混合结构

英文摘要： Detailed vertical profiles of the concentration, size distribution and mixing state of black carbon are very important to quantify the effects of aerosols on radiative forcing and clouds. Most studies were focused on the near-surface properties of black carbon, however, those particles was mostly accumulate in the boundary layer and change greatly at different altitudes. Meanwhile, the physical (e.g., size and shape) and chemical (e.g., composition and mixing state) properties of black carbon transform quickly in the atmosphere, which will altering the absorbing efficiency and hygroscopicity of the aerosol, so the measurement of the vertical distribution of black carbon was very necessary..Based on the aircraft and the measurement of aerosol properties, the aim of this project is to understand the vertical properties of black carbon at the most polluted area in China (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei). With a Single Particle Soot Photometer and inlet pressure control device, the mixing state and concentration of black carbon at Beijing urban area will be obtained during about one year aircraft observation. Meanwhile, the comparison of vertical distribution between Beijing and Baoding will also studies.

英文关键词： black carbon;aircraft observation;aerosol optical properties;mixing state