水稻叶片全生育期黄化基因ylg1的克隆与功能研究

项目名称： 水稻叶片全生育期黄化基因ylg1的克隆与功能研究

项目编号： No.30800598

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 轻工业、手工业

项目作者： 凌英华

作者单位： 西南大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 水稻叶片是进行光合作用的主要器官，叶色突变将直接影响水稻的产量和品质。目前水稻上已有80多个叶色突变体，但大都表现在苗期，其后转绿或因光合作用受阻而死亡。我们在开展突变体诱导时发现了一个整个生育期叶片呈黄色的突变体，叶绿素总含量稳定在0.79-0.95mg/g之间，仅有野生型的22％-36％，其表型受一对隐性核基因控制，暂命名为ylg1，已将该基因初步定位在第三染色体长臂末端上。在此基础上，拟通过RNAi、超表达、互补实验等方法鉴定该基因，进一步开展启动子、亚细胞定位等功能分析，探讨对叶绿素合成途径相关基因的影响、生理生化变异等机理，系统研究基因的表达和调控机制，其结果将会为水稻叶色突变的相关研究提供新的参考和借鉴，同时对高等植物，尤其是单子叶植物光合作用的分子机理研究以及叶绿素的生物合成与降解机理探讨具有十分重要的指导意义和参考价值。

中文关键词： 水稻；叶片；全生育期黄化；基因克隆

英文摘要： Leaves are the primary photosynthesis organs in rice (Oryza sativa L.), and the leaf-color mutation influences undoubtedly the yield and quality of rice. Up to now, more than 80 rice leaf-color mutants have been reported, most of which show mutation phenotypes in the early vegetable stage, and then turn green or die of deficient in photosynthesis. A yellow leaf mutant was discovered in the population instructed by ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS), in which the leaves kept yellow during its entire life stage, and the content of chlorophyll was among 0.79-0.95, only 22%-36% of that in the wild type. This mutant was named with yellow-leaf during growing (y1g1) temporarily, and genetic analysis demonstrated that the phenotype of y1g1 was caused by a recessive mutation in a nuclear gene, which was located on the end of the long arm of 3rd chromosome of rice by SSR makers. Based on the results, we planned to identify YLG1 gene by the protocols of map-based cloning, RNA interference (RNAi) and over-expression experiments, promoter and expression pattern analysis, and subcellular lacation, and then further to explore the influence of YLG1 gene to the other genes that related to the biosynthetic pathway of chlorophyll in rice, and its role in rice chlorophyll biosynthesis. The results would offer significant references to other studies of leaf -color mutants in rice, and also be of great important in the studies of molecular mechanism of photosynthesis and the biosynthesis and biodegrade of chlorophyll within higher plants, especially within monocot, such as rice, maize, wheat, and so on.

英文关键词： rice (Oryza sativa L.);leaf;yellow-leaf during growing (y1g1);gene clone