土壤重金属胁迫下植被光谱响应特征研究

项目名称： 土壤重金属胁迫下植被光谱响应特征研究

项目编号： No.51504154

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 杨丽丽

作者单位： 沈阳理工大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 研究快速有效的矿山环境污染监测技术成为亟待解决的重大科学问题。新兴起的遥感技术具有经济、便捷、无损等优势，能够动态、适时、宏观持久地提供地表特征的时空信息。本项目拟致力于红透山铜矿区重金属污染物对植物反射光谱响应的“指纹效应”识别，研究不同植被种类、不同时相下重金属元素胁迫下植物反射光谱的响应机制。研究内容包括：筛选区内适于重金属污染状况监测的目标植被；确定目标植被的最佳光谱测量时相；确定利用光谱监测重金属污染的“光谱临界点值”；分析重金属元素含量与植被反射光谱之间的相关关系；研究光谱变化规律，厘定重金属对植被反射光谱的响应机制；提取特征光谱建立恰当的数学模型和回归方程，并对目标植被叶片进行重金属污染预测等。本项目的实施能够为矿山污染的诊断和监测提供新技术和知识支撑，同时为矿区的植被修复及找矿提供理论依据，具有巨大研究价值。

中文关键词： 土壤污染；重金属元素；植被；反射光谱；光谱响应特征

英文摘要： The study on environmental pollution monitoring technology for mine by the most expeditious means now became a vital scientific problem demanding an early solution. A new remote sensing technology has many competitive advantages, such as its cheapness, quickness, easiness and nondestructive evaluation, which helps to get macroscopic spatio-temporal information about surface features of some regions in good time and dynamically. In this project, the study will concentrate on recognizing “fingerprint effect” of vegetation spectral reflectivity in HONG-TOU mountain copper mine of east Liaoning Province and exploring the response mechanism of plant reflectance spectra on different vegetation types, on different time phases under the stress of heavy metal elements. The research contents include: selecting the target plants; determining the optimum phase for the target vegetation spectral measurement; seeking the spectrum threshold; Analyzing the correlation between heavy metal elements contents and vegetation reflectance spectra; searching the spectral variation law and spectral response characteristics of vegetation under heavy metal stress; establishing appropriate mathematical model and regression equation by the extraction of characteristic spectrum, and then used for the prediction of heavy metal pollution on target vegetation leaves. In a word, the implementation of this project can provide new technology and knowledge to support the diagnosis and monitoring for mine pollution, for the mining area of vegetation restoration and provide a theoretical basis for mine, and has great value.

英文关键词： soil pollution;heavy metal elements;vegetation;spectral reflectivity;spectral response characteristic