项目名称: 雷电衍生大气污染物:特征、相关物理化学过程和对大气污染影响
项目编号: No.41273114
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 天文学、地球科学
项目作者: 陈鲁言
作者单位: 中国科学院广州地球化学研究所
项目金额: 90万元
中文摘要: 雷电物理和雷电防护一直备受关注。有关雷电化学的研究最近也成为热点之一,目前的研究主要集中在高空大气层。本项目拟在雷电频发的华南地区,利用先进的大气监测仪器和成熟的化学分析能力,在广州从化国内唯一的人工雷电试验基地,建立一个雷电化学本底站,收集第一手雷电物理和大气化学相关的观测数据。通过深入分析,得到雷电高发地区近地面三公里以内雷电衍生的大气污染物(NOx,臭氧等)源特征及其变化成因和机制;探索雷电对大气中挥发性有机物,二次有机污染物、细粒子和有机大分子等的影响;结合中国电网的雷电监测信息和资料,以自然雷电发生时典型雷电高发区大气环境监测站的数据为参考,利用同位素方法解析雷电对典型地区大气中NOx的贡献,利用模型分析雷电源对对流层底部大气污染的影响,为区域空气污染及应对全球气候变化的控制对策提供科学依据。此外,项目的实施还将培养我国雷电化学方面的人才,推动和促进国内相关学科的发展。
中文关键词: 地闪活动;人工引雷;氮氧化物;臭氧;气溶胶
英文摘要: Lightning physics and lightning protection used to be the focus of research interest. Recently, lightning chemistry also becomes a "hot spot" research area. Utilizing the existing artificial lightning base in Guangzhou Conghua, which is unique in China, we plan to establish a lightning chemistry baseline station, with advanced air pollutant monitoring equipments and proven chemical analysis capability, to obtain first hand surveillance and monitoring data related to lightning physics and atmospheric chemistry. Source characteristics, chemical transformation, and formation mechanisms, for lightning generated atmospheric pollutants (NOx, Ozone and others) near surface below 3km of the troposphere in frequent lightning occurring regions are found through in-depth observation and analysis. Effect of lightning on secondary organic aerosol (SOA), fine particle formation as well as macromolecule organic matter formation and dissociation are also explored. We also make use of the lightning monitoring and surveillance data from the China Power Plant Grid lightning monitoring network, and reference to the monitoring data from the Conghua Tianhu air quality monitoring station which lies in a typical high frequency lightning occurring region. Using our lightning NOx sourcing information, we can more accurately calculate the
英文关键词: cloud-to-ground lightning activity;artificially triggered lightning;NOx;O3;aerosol