三江平原阿布胶河流域氮素输出分异特征及溯源研究

项目名称： 三江平原阿布胶河流域氮素输出分异特征及溯源研究

项目编号： No.41471396

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 程红光

作者单位： 北京师范大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 大规模农业开发活动引发的水体中氮污染已严重制约三江平原农业垦殖区发展，对农业流域内氮素输出分异特征及来源的有效识别，成为解决三江平原农垦区建设过程中氮素污染问题的关键。本研究选取三江平原阿布胶河农业小流域作为研究区，在野外原位观测的基础上，阐释了农业小流域内不同土地利用下潜在污染源氮素的输出时空变化特征。运用多种同位素联合示踪方法，探明了在剧烈人工干扰和季节性冻融过程作用下，氮素在流域内水体中的迁移转化过程，在此基础上，借助贝叶斯同位素模型定量化解析了三江平原垦殖区水体内氮素的来源以及氮素向水体输入的主要途径。通过多元信息遥感反演与原位定量观测，构建基础信息和属性数据库。在此基础上,率定 SWAT 模型，定量反演农业小流域内氮素污染负荷时空分布，识别氮素输出关键源区。为三江平原农业流域内水体中氮素污染迁移转化规律、污染源的监测与控制研究，提供理论和技术支撑。

中文关键词： 氮素；同位素示踪；时空分异；源解析；三江平原

英文摘要： Nitrogen pollution caused by intensive agricultural farming practices in aquatic system have been severely restricted in the Sanjiang Plain Agricultural Reclamation District. To identify sources and output characteristics of nitrogen is critical in prioritizing effective nitrogen reduction strategies and guiding better agricultural management practices to protect water quality in agricultural watersheds. In this study, a typical small watershed agriculture in Sanjiang Plain was selected as the study area. And on the basis of field monitoring experiments,the characteristics of temporal and spatial variation of nitrogen output under different land use conditions were obtained, through regression and correlation analysis.The muti-isotope techniques were used to trace the transport and transformation processes of nitrogen in the watershed, under intense artificial interference and seasonal freezing and thawing. Basis on this, the main sources and corresponding migration pathways of nitrogen in water bodies were analyzed by bayesian isotope model. And spatial databases were established to support SWAT model, and after parameter calibration, the spatial distribution of nitrogen pollution load in this basin were quantitative inversed, as well as the critical source areas of Nitrogen output were identified. On this basis, the best management policies were identified by scenario analysis. This research can provide theoretical and technical support for migration and transformation of nitrogen, monitoring and control of nitrogen pollution sources of agricultural watershed in the Sanjiang Plain.

英文关键词： Nitrogen;Isotope tracer;Spatial-Temporal Differentiation;Sources apportionment;Sanjiang Plain