纳米粒子聚合物的表面引发可控聚合及功能化

项目名称： 纳米粒子聚合物的表面引发可控聚合及功能化

项目编号： No.21474040

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 刘堃

作者单位： 吉林大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 纳米粒子聚合物是一种以无机纳米粒子作为单体，通过聚合反应而获得的一种新型的高分子材料。现已报导的纳米粒子聚合方法包括：界面缩聚反应、逐步均聚反应，逐步共聚反应共聚、链式聚合。然而，这些聚合方法都无法制备具有指定聚合度的、单分散的、且构型、构象可控的纳米粒子聚合物。可控聚合方法的缺失严重阻碍了对这种新型聚合物结构与性质对应关系的研究及其功能性的开发。本项目借鉴现代高分子化学可控聚合的思想，通过主客体识别相互作用，利用层层组装技术，从而实现纳米粒子的表面引发可控聚合反应，构筑单分散的、链长和序列可控的纳米粒子共聚物。进一步应用表面等离子纳米粒子的光响应性，实现聚合物的多级组装。系统研究其在高分子及纳米材料方面的特殊性质及其形态结构与新型综合性质之间的关系，并初步探索功能性纳米粒子聚合物在生物环境检测、新材料等应用。

中文关键词： 纳米粒子；表面引发聚合；可控聚合；主客体作用；层层自组装

英文摘要： Polynanomers are chains of strongly interacting inorganic nanoparticles, so called nanomers, which can be viewed as monomers. Currently, polynanomers can be obtained by the polymerization of nanomers via interface polycondensation, step-growth homopolymerization, step-growth copolymerization, and chain polymerization. However, none of these methods can yield polynanomers with well-defined architectures, such as controlled degree of polymerization, narrow distribution, and ordered sequences. The lack of a polymerization method for well-defined polynanomer hinders the study of the correlation between structures and properties, as well as the development of functional polynanomers for potential applications. Herein, we propose to develop a method to apply strategies from surface-initiated-polymerization to the co-assembly of nanoparticles with different size and compositions. By the combination of guest-host supramolecular interaction and layer-by-layer assembly strategies, we will be able to synthesize polynanomers with controllable sequences, targeted degrees of polymerization, and narrow distribution of chain lengths. We will study their structure-property relationship. Furthermore, we will achieve the hierarchical assembly of copolynanomers by using stimulus-response nanomers and explore their potential applications in the field of environmental/biosensors.

英文关键词： nanoparticle;surface-initiated polymerization;controllable polymerization;host-guest interaction;layer-by-layer self-assembly