复杂探测环境中基于认知理论的阵列SAR地面动目标检测技术研究

项目名称： 复杂探测环境中基于认知理论的阵列SAR地面动目标检测技术研究

项目编号： No.61301212

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 吴迪

作者单位： 南京航空航天大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 合成孔径雷达地面动目标指示（SAR/GMTI）作为SAR技术的扩展，在军事、民用领域均具有重要地位。实现这一功能的有效途径为采用多通道SAR系统，通过空时级联处理提高强大地、海杂波中慢动目标的检测性能。随着人们对SAR/GMTI系统性能要求的不断提升，如何在复杂探测环境中进一步提高慢动目标检测性能成为了一个关键问题。本项目拟对复杂探测环境中阵列SAR地面动目标检测（GMTD）技术展开研究，设计基于认知雷达理论的SAR/GMTD信号处理方案，通过对环境的认知自适应选取最佳检测器。具体研究内容包括：(1)非高斯背景中检验统计量统计特性分析；(2)复杂环境中新型SAR-STAP算法，具体包括非高斯、非均匀、抗干扰三类SAR-STAP算法；(3)动目标联合检测器设计；(4)基于认知理论的阵列SAR/GMTD总体方案设计。研究结果将为新一代SAR/GMTI系统研制提供理论支撑及技术储备。

中文关键词： 地面动目标；合成孔径雷达；空时自适应处理；认知雷达；恒虚警率检测

英文摘要： Synthetic aperture radar ground moving target indication (SAR/GMTI), which is seen as an extended technology for SAR, plays important role in both military and civilian task. An efficient approach to achieve SAR/GMTI is the use of multi-channel SAR system, which greatly enhances the detection ability for slowly moving targets submerged in strong ground or sea clutter by space-time processing. With the performance requirement for SAR/GMTI system increasing, the further improvement of the detection performance for slowly moving targets in complex detecting environments becomes a key issue. This project will focus the research on the technology of ground moving target detection (GMTD) for array SAR system in complex detecting environment. Signal processing strategy for SAR/GMTD based on the theory of cognitive radar will be proposed to achieve optimum detection for the detecting environment, in which the detector is chosen adaptively according to the cognition of the environment. The main content is summarized as: (1) statistical analysis of moving target detection test statistics in non-Gaussian background; (2) new types of SAR space-time adaptive processing (SAR-STAP) algorithms for complex environments, including the non-Gaussian, nonhomogeneous, and outlier resistant SAR-STAP algorithms; (3) the design of movin

英文关键词： Ground Moving Target；Synthetic Aperture Radar；Space-Time Adaptive Processing；Cognitive Radar；Constant False Alarm Rate Detection