One fundamental limitation of blockchain-based smart contracts is that they execute in a closed environment. Thus, they only have access to data and functionality that is already on the blockchain, or is fed into the blockchain. Any interactions with the real world need to be mediated by a bridge service, which is called an oracle. As decentralized applications mature, oracles are playing an increasingly prominent role. With their evolution comes more attacks, necessitating greater attention to their trust model. In this systemization of knowledge paper (SoK), we dissect the design alternatives for oracles, showcase attacks, and discuss attack mitigation strategies.
翻译：以链路为基础的智能合同的一个根本限制是,它们是在封闭的环境中执行的。因此,它们只能获得已经存在于链路上或被加入链路中的数据和功能。 与现实世界的任何互动都需要由桥梁服务(称为“神谕 ” ) 来调解。 随着分散应用的成熟,甲骨文正在发挥越来越显著的作用。随着它们的演变,它们会有更多的攻击,需要更多地关注它们的信任模式。在知识文件的系统化(SoK)中,我们解开甲骨蜡的设计选择,展示攻击,并讨论攻击的缓解战略。
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