Integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into fifth generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) cellular networks is an intriguing problem that has recently tackled a lot of interest in both academia and industry. An effective solution is represented by cellular-connected UAVs, where traditional terrestrial users coexist with flying UAVs acting as additional aerial users, which access the 5G/B5G cellular network infrastructure from the sky. In this scenario, we study the challenging application in which an UAV acting as aerial user (AU) and a static (i.e., fixed) terrestrial user (TU) are paired to simultaneously transmit their uplink signals to a ground base station (BS) in the same time-frequency resource blocks. In such a case, due to the highly dynamic nature of the UAV, the signal transmitted by the AU experiences both time dispersion due to multipath propagation effects and frequency dispersion caused by Doppler shifts. On the other hand, for a static ground network, frequency dispersion of the signal transmitted by TU is negligible and only multipath effects have to be taken into account. To decode the superposed signals at the BS by using finite-length data record, we propose a novel sky-ground (SG) nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) receiving structure that additionally exploits the different circularity/noncircularity and almost-cyclostationarity properties of the AU and TU by means of improved channel estimation and time-varying successive interference cancellation. Numerical results demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed SG uplink NOMA reception scheme in future 5G/B5G networks.
翻译：无人驾驶航空飞行器(无人驾驶航空飞行器)融入第五代(5G)和5G(B5G)以上蜂窝网络是一个令人感兴趣的问题,最近解决了学术界和工业界的很多兴趣。一个有效的解决办法是蜂窝式连接的无人驾驶航空飞行器(UAV)与飞行的无人驾驶航空飞行器(UAV)共存,后者从空中进入5G/B5G蜂窝网络基础设施,后者从空中进入5G/B5G蜂窝网络基础设施。在这种情形下,我们研究无人驾驶航空飞行器作为航空用户(AU)和静态(即固定)地面用户(TUTU)同时将其上行连接信号传送到同一时间频率资源区的一个地面基地站(BS),这是一个有效的解决方案。在这种情况下,由于UAVAV的高度动态性质,传统的无人驾驶飞行器所传递的信号由于多方向传播效应和多频率分散,因此从空中网络进入。另一方面,对于静态地面网络所传送信号的频率分散是微不足道的,只有多面效应才能被考虑。为了解析地观测轨道5G(S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-V-S-SV-AV-AV-AV-S-S-V-V-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-AV-AV-AV-AV-AV-V-AV-AV-AV-A-A-V-V-V-V-V-V-V-A-A-V-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-V-V-A-A-A-A-A-A-V-V-V-V-A-A-A-V-A-A-A-A-A-A-V-V-V-V-A-A-A-A-A-A-V-V-V-V-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-V-V-A-V-V-V-
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