Digital Photo images are everywhere around us in journals, on walls, and over the Internet. However we have to be conscious that seeing does not always imply reality. Photo images become a rich subject of manipulations due to the advanced digital cameras as well as photo editing software. Accordingly, image forgery is becoming much easier using the existing tools in terms of time and accuracy, and thus the forensics of detecting an image forgery case is becoming difficult and needs more and more time and techniques to prove the image originality especially as crime evidences and court related cases. In this paper, a framework with associated algorithms and methodologies is proposed to ensure the authenticity of the image and the integrity of the content in addition to protecting the photo image against forgery suspects. The framework depends on developing new generation of certified digital cameras that could produce authenticated and forgery-proof photos. The proposed methodology generates an irreversible hash integrity code from the image content based on color matrix calculations and steganography algorithms. The simulation results proved the capability of the proposed technique to detect image forgery cases in more than 16 scenarios of manipulation.
翻译:我们周围到处都有期刊、墙壁和互联网上的数字照片。然而,我们必须认识到,看到并不总意味着现实。照片图像由于先进的数码相机和照片编辑软件而成为操纵的丰富主题。因此,在时间和准确性方面,利用现有工具的图像伪造正在变得容易得多,因此,探测图像伪造案件的法证越来越困难,需要越来越多的时间和技术来证明图像的原创性,特别是犯罪证据和法院相关案件。在本文中,除了保护照片图像形象不受伪造嫌疑人侵害外,还提出了一个相关算法和方法的框架,以确保图像的真实性和内容的完整性。框架取决于开发新一代经认证的数字相机,可以制作经认证和防伪造的照片。拟议方法根据彩色矩阵的计算和缝合算法,从图像内容中产生了不可逆转的散装完整性代码。模拟结果证明了拟议技术在超过16种操纵情景中检测图像伪造案件的能力。