On the computation of lattice sums without translational invariance

This work introduces a framework for the efficient computation of oscillatory multidimensional lattice sums in geometries with boundaries, a problem intersecting pure and applied mathematics with immediate applications in condensed matter physics and topological quantum physics. The challenge in evaluating the arising sums results from the combination of singular long-range interactions with the loss of translational invariance caused by the boundaries, rendering standard tools ineffective. Our work shows that these lattice sums can be generated from a generalization of the Riemann zeta function to multidimensional non-periodic lattice sums. We put forth a new representation of this zeta function together with a numerical algorithm that ensures super-exponential convergence across an extensive range of geometries. Notably, our method's runtime is influenced only by the complexity of the considered geometries and not by the sheer number of particles, providing the foundation for efficient simulations of macroscopic condensed matter systems. We showcase the practical utility of our method by computing interaction energies in a three-dimensional crystal structure with $3\times 10^{23}$ particles. Our method's accuracy is thoroughly assessed through a detailed error analysis that both uses analytical results and numerical experiments. A reference implementation is provided online along with the article