Climate change has been identified as one of the most critical threats to human civilization and sustainability. Wildfires, which produce huge amounts of carbon emission, are both drivers and results of climate change. An early and timely wildfire detection system can constrain fires to short and small ones and yield significant carbon reduction. In this paper, we propose to use ground sensor deployment and satellite Internet of Things (IoT) technologies for wildfire detection by taking advantage of satellites' ubiquitous global coverage. We first develop an optimal IoT sensor placement strategy based on fire ignition and detection models. Then, we analyze the uplink satellite communication budget and the bandwidth required for wildfire detection under the narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) radio interface. Finally, we conduct simulations on the California wildfire database and quantify the potential economical benefits by factoring in carbon emission reductions and sensor/bandwidth costs.
翻译:气候变化被确定为对人类文明和可持续性的最严重威胁之一; 产生大量碳排放的野火,既是气候变化的驱动因素,也是气候变化的结果; 早期和及时的野火探测系统可以将火灾限制在短小的火灾,并产生显著的碳减排; 在本文件中,我们提议利用卫星无处不在的全球覆盖,利用地面传感器部署和卫星Times(IoT)技术探测野火; 我们首先根据火灾点火和检测模型制定最佳IoT传感器定位战略; 然后, 我们分析在窄带IoT(NB-IoT)无线电界面下进行野火探测所需的上行联卫星通信预算和带宽; 最后, 我们对加利福尼亚野火数据库进行模拟,通过将减少碳排放和传感器/波段成本考虑在内,量化潜在经济效益。