Prior to provisioning sensor data to smart contracts, a pre-processing of the data on intermediate off-chain nodes is often necessary. When doing so, originally constructed cryptographic signatures cannot be verified on-chain anymore. This exposes an opportunity for undetected manipulation and presents a problem for applications in the Internet of Things where trustworthy sensor data is required on-chain. In this paper, we propose trustworthy pre-processing as enabler for end-to-end sensor data integrity in data on-chaining workflows. We define requirements for trustworthy pre-processing, present a model and common workflow for data on-chaining, select off-chain computation utilizing Zero-knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) and Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) as promising solution approaches, and discuss both our proof-of-concept implementations and initial experimental, comparative evaluation results. The importance of trustworthy pre-processing and principle solution approaches are presented, addressing the major problem of end-to-end sensor data integrity in blockchain-based IoT applications.
翻译:在向智能合同提供传感器数据之前,通常需要事先处理中间链外节点的数据,在这样做时,最初建造的加密签字无法在链上再核查,这暴露了不受察觉的操纵机会,并给在互联网上应用需要可信赖的传感器数据带来问题。在本文件中,我们提议以可靠的预处理作为链内工作流程数据端到端的传感器数据完整性的促进因素。我们界定了可信赖的预处理前的要求,为链内数据提供了一个模型和共同工作流程,利用零知识证据和信任执行环境选择离链计算作为有希望的解决方案,并讨论了我们的概念验证实施和初步实验性比较评价结果。我们提出了可靠的预处理前和原则解决办法的重要性,解决了基于块链的IoT应用中端到端传感器数据完整性的主要问题。