We studied variability in General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) awareness in relation to digital experience in the 28 European countries of EU27-UK, through secondary analysis of the Eurobarometer 91.2 survey conducted in March 2019 (N = 27,524). Education, occupation, and age were the strongest sociodemographic predictors of GDPR awareness, with little influence of gender, subjective economic well-being, or locality size. Digital experience was significantly and positively correlated with GDPR awareness in a linear model, but this relationship proved to be more complex when we examined it through a typological analysis. Using an exploratory k-means cluster analysis we identified four clusters of digital citizenship, across both dimensions of digital experience and GDPR awareness: the off-line citizens (22%), the social netizens (32%), the web citizens (17%), and the data citizens (29%). The off-line citizens ranked lowest in internet use and GDPR awareness; the web citizens ranked at about average values, while the data citizens ranked highest in both digital experience and GDPR knowledge and use. The fourth identified cluster, the social netizens, had a discordant profile, with remarkably high social network use, below average online shopping experiences, and low GDPR awareness. Digitalization in human capital and general internet use is a strong country-level correlate of the national frequency of the data citizen type. Our results confirm previous studies of the low privacy awareness and skills associated with intense social media consumption, but we found that young generations are evenly divided between the rather carefree social netizens and the strongly invested data citizens.
翻译:通过对2019年3月(N=27,524)进行的欧洲晴雨表91.2调查进行二级分析,我们研究了欧盟27-联合王国28个欧洲国家在一般数据保护条例方面对数字经验认识的变异性,2019年3月(N=27,524)对欧洲晴雨表91.2调查进行了二级分析,教育、职业和年龄是国内总产值认识的最强的社会人口预测者,对性别、主观经济福祉或地点大小的影响不大。数字经验与一般数据保护条例认识的线性模式有很大和积极的关联,但当我们通过典型分析来审查时,这种关系就显得更为复杂。我们通过探索 k- means集群分析,我们确定了数字经验和国内总产值认识的四组数字公民:离线公民(22%)、社会网(32%)、网络公民(17%)和数据公民(29 % ) 离线公民在因特网使用率最低和国内总产值认识水平上排名接近平均数,而公民在数字护理知识和使用方面排名最高。第四组、社会网民网化、社会网络使用率相当高的社会网络使用率、国家数字购买率、公民数据研究显示我们高、公民对数字资本水平的一般认识程度数据、公民数据的确认数据水平为高。