Increasing urbanization and exacerbation of sustainability goals threaten the operational efficiency of current transportation systems and confront cities with complex choices with huge impact on future generations. At the same time, the rise of private, profit-maximizing Mobility Service Providers leveraging public resources, such as ride-hailing companies, entangles current regulation schemes. This calls for tools to study such complex socio-technical problems. In this paper, we provide a game-theoretic framework to study interactions between stakeholders of the mobility ecosystem, modeling regulatory aspects such as taxes and public transport prices, as well as operational matters for Mobility Service Providers such as pricing strategy, fleet sizing, and vehicle design. Our framework is modular and can readily accommodate different types of Mobility Service Providers, actions of municipalities, and low-level models of customers choices in the mobility system. Through both an analytical and a numerical case study for the city of Berlin, Germany, we showcase the ability of our framework to compute equilibria of the problem, to study fundamental tradeoffs, and to inform stakeholders and policy makers on the effects of interventions. Among others, we show tradeoffs between customers satisfaction, environmental impact, and public revenue, as well as the impact of strategic decisions on these metrics.
翻译:城市化的加剧和可持续性目标的加剧威胁着目前运输系统的运营效率,而城市面对着对后代产生巨大影响的复杂选择。与此同时,利用公共资源(如乘车公司等公共资源)的私人、利润最大化的流动服务提供者的兴起,使现有监管机制纠缠不休。这就需要各种工具来研究复杂的社会技术问题。在本文件中,我们提供了一个游戏理论框架,以研究流动生态系统利益攸关方之间的互动,税务和公共交通价格等监管方面的模型化,以及移动服务提供者的业务事项,如定价战略、车队规模化和车辆设计。我们的框架是模块化的,可以方便地容纳不同类型的流动服务提供者、市政当局的行动以及流动系统中的低水平客户选择模式。通过对德国柏林市的分析和数字案例研究,我们展示了我们框架的能力,以理解这一问题的平衡性,研究基本的权衡,并向利益攸关方和决策者通报干预措施的效果。我们展示了客户满意度、环境影响和公共收入之间的权衡,以及这些战略决定的影响。