重金属对硝化抑制剂DMPP土壤行为和微生物效应的影响

项目名称： 重金属对硝化抑制剂DMPP土壤行为和微生物效应的影响

项目编号： No.41301324

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 史云峰

作者单位： 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 我国农田土壤重金属污染比较严重，含重金属的化肥和农药的施用是造成土壤重金属污染的主要原因之一；同时为解决氮肥利用率低的现状，能专性抑制土壤氨氧化微生物活性的硝化抑制剂DMPP在我国农田土壤应用不断增加。但国内外关于重金属对硝化抑制剂影响的研究鲜有报道。鉴于此，本研究拟利用13C稳定同位素标记、PCR-DGGE、Real-time PCR等技术，以不同类型农田土壤为研究对象，系统研究重金属对硝化抑制剂DMPP在土壤中形态、吸附-解吸及降解等行为的影响；阐明重金属-硝化抑制剂对土壤中氨氧化微生物活性、氨氧化细菌和氨氧化古菌多样性、氨氧化细菌和氨氧化古菌数量的交互作用及其类型，明确重金属和硝化抑制剂交互作用对氮肥在土壤中的存在形态的影响。为受重金属污染农田土壤合理应用生化抑制剂调控氮素转化提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 硝化抑制剂；DMPP；重金属；氨氧化微生物；交互作用

英文摘要： The heavy metal pollution in farmland become serious in China, one of the main reasons about heavy metal pollution in large area is applied fertilizer and pesticide containing heavy metal; and for solution the problem of low utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer, DMPP is applied increasing in farmland, which belongs to nitrification inhibitor through inhibiting the activity of ammonia oxidizing microorganisms. But the research about effect of heavy metals on nitrification inhibitor has hardly been reported in domestic and abroad. In view of this, our research attempts to apply 13C-stable isotope labeling technique,PCR-DGGE and Real-time PCR. We plan to study the effect of heavy metals on nitrification inhibitor behaviors about formation, adsorption-desorption and degradation processes in soil; the effect of combination of nitrification inhibitor and heavy metal on ammonia oxidizing microorganism's activity, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing archaea biological diversity, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing archaea quantity on different stages in soils; the effect of combination of nitrification inhibitor and heavy metal on improving nitrogen fertilizer efficiency. We hope to provide the theory basis for using biochemical inhibitors in heavy metal contaminated soil for regulating the

英文关键词： Nitrification inhibitor；DMPP；Heavy metal；Ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms；Interaction