黄土丘陵区环境因子对土壤水分的的贡献率及其尺度效应

项目名称： 黄土丘陵区环境因子对土壤水分的的贡献率及其尺度效应

项目编号： No.41271043

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 焦峰

作者单位： 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所

项目金额： 75万元

中文摘要： 土壤水分是半干旱黄土丘陵区植物生长和恢复的主要限制因子，而土壤水具有非线性特征和明显尺度效应。本项目针对黄土高原地区植被建设与水资源短缺的矛盾，以实现与有限水土资源相协调的植被合理配置与土壤水分可持续利用为目标，以黄土丘陵区延河流域为对象，通过对典型地块到坡面、小流域和区域四种尺度水平下土壤水分数量和结构特征的调查，研究土壤水分空间分布及其异质性特征，探明土壤水分变异的关键尺度；分析不同尺度水平下环境因子对土壤水分的影响程度及其跨尺度关联，评估各环境因子对土壤水分影响的贡献率及其尺度效应，考察不同尺度影响土壤水分变化的主导因子及其权重，阐明环境因子对土壤水分影响的主导因子和关键尺度，揭示不同尺度下土壤水分与环境因子之间相互作用的过程和机理。本项目的开展可以进一步认识土壤水分与环境因子之间相互作用的过程和机理，从而为更有效地规划和设计半干旱黄土丘陵区植被格局和重建的植被恢复模式提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 土壤水分；环境因子；尺度效应；贡献；黄土高原

英文摘要： Soil water is the primary limiting factor for vegetation growth and rehabilitation in the semiarid loess hilly region. It has nonlinear characteristics and obvious scale effects. Aiming at the contradiction between vegetation construction and water shortage, the goal of this subject is to realize the coordinated development of rational allocation of vegetation and sustainable utilizatian of soil water. The soil water amount and structural feature in Yanhe watershed were studied on typical area, slope surface, small watershed, and regional scales. Soil water distribution and its heterogeneity were studied, which proved the key scale of soil water variability. Furthermore, how environmental factors affect soil water and its trans-scale correlation, contribution rate, scaling effects in different scale were analyzed. After that, we studied key factors and their weights in soil water variability in different scales and clarified how main environmental factors affected soil water and which was the key scale. At the end of the study, we could reveal the interaction process and its mechanism between soil water and environmental factors. The research is of importance for further understanding the interaction process and its mechanism between soil water and environmental factors, which provides scientific basis for more

英文关键词： Soil moisture；Environmental factor；Scale effect；Contribution；the Loess Plateau