基于明胶/壳聚糖双功能单体离子印迹聚合物的制备及用于重金属离子的选择性吸附研究

项目名称： 基于明胶/壳聚糖双功能单体离子印迹聚合物的制备及用于重金属离子的选择性吸附研究

项目编号： No.21207044

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 环境化学

项目作者： 荆涛

作者单位： 华中科技大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 离子印迹聚合物可以选择性识别金属离子，具有高效吸附、反复利用、制备简便的优势，已成为重金属污染治理的理想吸附剂之一。由于金属离子缺乏活性基团，功能单体的选择成为印迹聚合物制备的关键。而常规功能单体活性基团偏少，制备的印迹聚合物存在吸附容量和选择性不能兼顾的问题，难以发挥印迹技术的优势。本研究借助明胶蛋白丰富的活性基团和特殊的空间结构，拟分别采用镉离子和铅离子为模板，明胶蛋白/壳聚糖为双功能单体，制备出吸附容量高、选择性和重现性好的离子印迹聚合物，系统探讨印迹聚合物的选择性识别性能及印迹机理，并将其作为吸附剂实现工业废水中重金属离子的高效净化处理和选择性回收，初步论证其实际应用价值。本研究不仅为活性基团偏少的化合物制备特异性印迹聚合物提供一种新思路，而且实现了重金属污染废水的高效治理和资源回收，具有较高的科研价值和市场应用前景。

中文关键词： 离子印迹聚合物；重金属离子的去除；吸附机理；明胶；功能材料

英文摘要： Ion imprinted polymers can selectively recognize metal ions and have many superior characteristics such as ease of preparation, highly effective adsorption and ease of recycling. Thus, these polymers are regarded as one of the most potential sorbents to remove the heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater. Because of the absence of active groups in metal ions, the choice of functional monomer is very important for the preparation of ion imprinted polymers. However, the limited active groups of traditional functional monomers may lead to the non-compatibility of adsorption capacity and selectivity of ion imprinted polymers. Thus, these polymers have not provided sufficient competitive advantages over materials used in pollution control to warrant their practical application. Based on the abundant active groups and specific space structure of gelatin, ion imprinted polymers with high adsorption capacity, excellent selectivity and reproductivity are synthesized using cadmium ion (lead ion) as the template and gelatin/chitosan as the functional monomers. The selective recognition ability and ion imprinted mechanisms of imprinted polymers are then investigated. Subsequently, they are used as the sorbents for the purification and recycling treatment of heavy metal ions in industrial wastewater to prove the feasibili

英文关键词： Ion imprinted polymers；Removal of heavy metals；Adsorption mechanism；Gelatin；Functional materials