新型微流控微生物燃料电池传感器在生物毒性物质定量检测中的响应机制研究

项目名称： 新型微流控微生物燃料电池传感器在生物毒性物质定量检测中的响应机制研究

项目编号： No.21206145

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 化学工程及工业化学

项目作者： 李中坚

作者单位： 浙江大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 基于微生物燃料电池的传感器由于具有能将目标检测物质直接转化为电流信号的优点，在环境保护，生物化工等领域有着广阔的应用前景。本申请课题将微生物燃料电池传感器用于生物毒性物质的定量检测并揭示传感器电流信号对生物毒性物质的响应机制。首先，针对现有微生物燃料电池型传感器存在的响应速度慢，输出信号不稳定等缺点，通过将微流控芯片与微生物燃料电池传感器相整合，利用微流控芯片体积小，响应快，内部流态明确可控等优点来克服上述缺陷，并利用微流控芯片中的层流特性分隔阴阳两极取代膜材料的使用。其次，根据计算流体力学的计算模拟和MFC评价实验优化其设计。然后，将基于微流控芯片的微生物燃料电池传感器应用于生物毒性物质的定量检测，关联生物毒性物质浓度，暴露时间与响应电流的关系；探明输出电流信号对生物毒性物质的响应机制。最后结合上述两部分工作的结果对该微生物燃料电池传感器的响应性能、稳定性和精确度进行优化

中文关键词： 微生物电化学系统；微生物三电极体系；微生物传感器；微流控芯片；毒性物质检测

英文摘要： .Due to the advantage of direct conversion of input signal to electric current for microbial fuel cell based biosensor, it is considered as a promising technology in environmental application and biological engineering. Here， a novel microfluidic microbial fuel cell based biosensor will be used for quantitative analysis of bacterial biotoxin and the mechanism of the bacteria activity responding to biotoxin will be studied. Firstly, to overcome the disadvantages of biosensor (e.g. slow response and instable signal output), a novel microfluidic microbial fuel cell based biosensor is developed by taking the advantage of microfluidic devices, which are small volume, fast response and well-defined controllable fluidic state. The anode and cathode in the micro-MFC are separated by inherent laminar flow and thus resulting in omitting membrane. The key design factors will be optimized based on computational fluid dynamics. Then, the improved biosensor will be employed for quantitative analysis of bacterial biotoxin. Furthermore, the response mechanism will be studied by examining the effect of biotoxin concentration and exposure time on bacterial activities, which is determined by electric current change. Finally, parameter optimizing experiments will be conducted to improve the biosensor sensitivity and output signal s

英文关键词： bioelectrochemical system；microbial three electrode system；biosensor；microfluidic chip；biotoxin detection