狂犬病病毒准种特性及其宿主适应性进化研究

项目名称： 狂犬病病毒准种特性及其宿主适应性进化研究

项目编号： No.31302043

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 冯烨

作者单位： 中国人民解放军军事医学科学院

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 狂犬病病毒（rabies virus, RABV）是目前发现的宿主感染谱最为广泛的一种RNA病毒，能感染几乎所有的温血动物，RABV如此广宿主感染谱的原因目前尚不清楚。另外，病毒在动物或细胞内连续传代后会产生适应性，而RABV的准种在病毒感染谱中及宿主适应的过程中是否发挥作用，尚没有详细的研究，因此本研究以RABV准种为研究对象，采用新一代测序方法，对RABV街毒株准种复杂性、不同动物来源的RABV毒株在同一种宿主的适应性传代过程中准种动态演化规律进行充分研究，对于最终阐明RABV准种在宿主跨种传播、准种在宿主适应过程中所表现的趋化性及内在分子遗传因素具有重要的科学意义，为狂犬病防治提供新的策略与方法奠定坚实的理论基础。

中文关键词： 狂犬病病毒；准种；高通量测序；；

英文摘要： Rabies virus (RABV), which infects almost all warm blood animals, was currently found to be a RNA virus that has the most widely host range. However, the reason for this characteristic of RABV remains unknown. In general, street strains of RABV can be fixed through serial passages in animals and cells, while the contribution of quasispecies to the host infection spectrum of RABV and the viral adaption to animals and cells needed to be resolved. Thus, to elucidate the characteristics of quasispecies of RABV, the street isolates derived from different animals with distinct evolutionary positions were subjected to serially passage in the brains of sucking mice. Full-length G gene of RABV amplified by RT-PCR was sequenced by using ultra-deep pyrosequencing, bioinformatics were then applied to analyze the obtained sequence information to uncover the complexity and evolutionary dynamics of quasispecies of RABV as well as the relation between RABV quasispecies and its adaption to animals. It is expected that this study will provide a basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of cross-species transmission of RABV and the intrinsic genetic determinants of RABV infection to extensive hosts. The results obtained in this project will be useful for development of prevention and control strategies of rabies.

英文关键词： rabies virus；quasispecies；next-generation sequencing；；