表皮干细胞多能性的确证及其在肌肉、神经组织损伤修复中的应用研究

项目名称： 表皮干细胞多能性的确证及其在肌肉、神经组织损伤修复中的应用研究

项目编号： No.81201479

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 医学四处

项目作者： 李美蓉

作者单位： 中国人民解放军总医院

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 干细胞是创伤修复与组织再生的基础，目前发现的多种成体干细胞具有多潜能分化特征（可塑性），决定了其在疾病治疗、创伤修复与功能重建中重要的利用价值。皮肤是人体最大的器官，表皮基底层富含表皮干细胞，如果能证实其可塑性，将给组织再生与细胞治疗提供一种取材方便、来源广泛且含量丰富的新的干细胞源，但多年来，表皮干细胞一直被认为是一种只能分化为表皮细胞的单能性组织特异干细胞。近期，我们探索一种特定驯化诱导策略，将人包皮来源的基底层细胞分化为脂肪样细胞、肌肉样细胞以及神经样细胞，初步证实了人表皮干细胞的多潜能分化特征。本项目将进一步证实表皮干细胞的多向分化能力，并鉴定转分化细胞功能特征，进而探讨其在肌肉和神经组织损伤修复中的应用价值。

中文关键词： 多能性；表皮干细胞；慢性创面；纤维化；间充质干细胞

英文摘要： It has been demonstrated that several types of somatic stem cells have the remarkable capacity to differentiate into other types of cells. Thus, stem cell-based therapy has been one of the best documented approaches in regenerative medicine, promising cures for a multitude of diseases and disorders. The skin is the largest organ of human body which is rich in epidermal stem cells (ESCs) in its basal layer. However, the promise of ESCs seems slim for generating nonepidermal tissues. Using our developed acclimatization induction strategy, we demonstrate the multipotency of adult human ESCs. The ESCs were isolated from the basal layer of adult human foreskin and cultured in Epilife medium, which allows for the growth of only keratin-positive keratinocytes, promotes high proliferation of ESCs, and prevents their differentiation. Induction of the ESCs by either serum or lineage-committed medium only produce differentiated epidermal cells. Hence, serum or lineage-committed medium was added to Epilife to acclimate ESCs to differentiate to other cell types. Unexpectedly, serum acclimatization can induce ESCs to produce a large number of smooth muscle cells and fewer of adipocytes and neurocytes within 3 weeks. In contrast, except for the terminally differentiated epidermal cells, committed acclimatization can induce ESC

英文关键词： multipotent；epidermal stem cell；nonhealing wound；fibrosis；mesenchymal stem cell