高储能密度液体介质的脉冲绝缘特性

项目名称： 高储能密度液体介质的脉冲绝缘特性

项目编号： No.51307175

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 电工技术

项目作者： 张自成

作者单位： 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 紧凑重频Tesla型脉冲发生器具有结构紧凑、能量效率高、可重频运行的特点，符合高功率、长脉宽、高重频、紧凑化、小型化的发展方向，得到了广泛的发展和应用。但受限于液体介质的储能密度，输出脉宽和功率有限。因此，开展微秒脉冲充电下多种液体介质储能特性的研究，探讨液体介质击穿的物理机制，具有重要的学术和应用价值。本项目研究内容主要包括：开展蓖麻油、甘油、碳酸丙烯酯/碳酸乙烯酯在内的多种液体介质储能特性的研究，优选出适宜液体储能介质；开展潜力型液体介质增加添加剂、加载气压、去除气体的研究，证实加载气压对多种液体介质的普适性，气体含量的影响及其原因；开展优选液体介质应用于紧凑重频脉冲发生器研究，显著提高储能密度；采取光学诊断方法获取液体介质击穿的物理图像，并进行谱图和强度分析，优化液体介质击穿的物理模型，解释一系列实验现象；开展液体介质工程化应用研究，为高储能密度液体介质的应用展示良好的应用前景。

中文关键词： 脉冲功率；介质击穿；液体介质；绝缘特性；紧凑脉冲功率发生器

英文摘要： Applications have stimulated intense interest in pulsed power technology towards high power, long duration, high rep-rate, compact structure and small volume. A compact rep-rate Tesla-type pulsed power generator, because of its compact structure, high energy efficiency and high rep-rate operation, is extensively developed and used in the high-power pulsed technology. But the output power and pulse width is not enough, limited to the energy-storage-density of liquid dielectric. Therefore, it is significant to study the energy-storage characteristics of various liquid dielectrics in microsecond regime and explore the physical mechanism of liquid dielectric breakdown. In this project, the research contents are shown as follows. Firstly, the energy-storage characteristics of various liquid dielectrics, such as castor oil, glycerin, propylene carbonate / ethylene carbonate, are investigated, and the appropriate liquid dielectric is optimally selected. Secondly, the influence of the additive, pressurization and degassing on the excellent liquid dielectric are studied. It is verified that the effect of pressurization on breakdown strength for various liquid dielectrics is carried out. Moreover, the influence of different gas content on breakdown strength of the liquid dielectric is investigated and the explanation for

英文关键词： pulsed power；dielectric breakdown；liquid dielectric；insulation characteristics；compact pulsed power generator