基于过渡金属与氮化碳非贵金属多孔催化剂的设计合成、电子结构调控及电催化性能研究

项目名称： 基于过渡金属与氮化碳非贵金属多孔催化剂的设计合成、电子结构调控及电催化性能研究

项目编号： No.21303047

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 李成超

作者单位： 广东工业大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 贵金属基催化剂的成本与可靠性问题是阻碍直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)商品化进程的两大技术瓶颈，开发廉价、高活性、长寿命的催化剂对DMFC的发展具有重要的意义。本课题旨在研究一种基于过渡金属化合物与氮化碳材料的非贵金属高效催化剂。从内外两个方面入手研究氮化碳的催化活性、稳定性与导电性：(1)调控氮化碳材料的微观形貌(比表面积与多孔性)以及引入导电材料优化电子传输特性; (2)采用非金属元素掺杂调控氮化碳材料的电子结构，并结合计算机模拟，优化元素掺杂浓度与掺杂位. 并对杂化催化剂的分散性，颗粒大小，形貌与组成等物理/化学性质进行精确调控，探讨其对催化性能的影响。并开发基于过渡金属与氮化碳的复合催化剂，阐明复合材料界面结构对催化活性的影响，以及过渡金属与氮化碳之间相关增效作用机制与控制因数等一系列基础科学问题

中文关键词： 碳复合材料；电催化；能源存储；；

英文摘要： Two of the greatest stumbling blocks hindering broad applications of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs) are the high cost and weak durability of the precious metal catalysts. It is highly desirable but challenging to develop non-precious hybrid catalysts as precious metal alternatives for DMFCs system featuring excellent performance, low cost and long life. The objective of this project is to explore a high-performance transition metal/carbon nitride hybrid catalyst. The catalytic performance of carbon nitride catalysts will be investigated from two key aspects: (1) Preparation of porous carbon nitride materials with large surface area and incorporation of conductive materials to improve electron transfer of carbon nitride; (2) Non-metallic elements such as F, B, P, S, et al. are doped into special sites of the carbon nitride framework, so as to tune the electronic structure of carbon nitride with uniquely promoted catalytic activity. A combination of theoretical molecular simulation and experimental tests will be also applied to optimize the molecular design with controllable doping contents and sites. In addition, the hybrid catalysts base on carbon nitride and transition metals/their derives with a precise control over a wide range of physical/chemical properties including dispersibility, particle size, morph

英文关键词： carbon nanocomposites；electrochemical catalysis；energy storage；；