熔盐法低温绿色合成多孔碳化物材料研究

项目名称： 熔盐法低温绿色合成多孔碳化物材料研究

项目编号： No.51502215

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 一般工业技术

项目作者： 丁军

作者单位： 武汉科技大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 项目拟对采用熔盐合成法(Molten Salt Synthesis) 低温低成本“绿色” 合成高品质多孔碳化物材料进行研究，具有理论及应用的重要意义。由于金属在低温熔盐中具有一定的可溶性，溶解的金属原子/离子可通过熔盐介质快速均匀地扩散到浸泡在盐浴中的多孔碳生物模板的表面及气孔、并与碳在远低于金属熔点的温度下进行反应、生成多孔碳化物材料，并保持原结构。基于此原理，项目将用木材碳化处理的多孔碳为模板，对具有广泛用途的多孔碳化物材料(如碳化硅、过渡金属碳化物) 进行合成研究，探明合成温度与时间、金属种类、木材种类、熔盐种类及组合与配入量、金属在熔盐中的溶解度等因素对合成反应的影响规律，建立多因素控制下合成过程的数学模型，进而优化合成参数，找出提高合成效率的有效措施；同时研究合成多孔碳化物材料的显微结构及性能，查明合成工艺、显微结构与性能之间的相关性，为高品质多孔碳化物材料的制备与应用提供理论。

中文关键词： 熔盐；碳化物；多孔材料；低温；绿色合成

英文摘要： This subject aims to synthesize a high-quality porous carbide material which is characterized with low temperature, low costs and greenness using molten salt synthesis. The research is of theoretical and application significance. Owing to the metal in low-temperature molten salt which is taken as medium, exhibits certain solubility, soluble metal atoms or ions can rapidly and uniformly disperse in the surface and pores of the porous carbide template which is immersed in salt bath. Then, these metal atoms or ions can further react with carbon at the temperature far lower than the melting point of metal to produce a porous carbide material without change their original structures. Based on this principle, by taking the porous carbon carbonized by wood as a template, this research investigates the synthesis of porous carbide materials with multiple functions, such as silicon carbide and transition metal carbide. Additionally, in this work, the influence law of multiple factors including synthesis temperature and time, metal, wood and molten salt types, the combination and addition amount of these materials, and the solubility of metal in molten salt, on the synthesis reaction are revealed. Furthermore, a mathematical model for the synthesis process which is controlled by multiple factors is established to optimize synthesis parameters and explore effective measures for improving synthesis efficiency. Moreover, the microstructure and performance of the synthesized porous carbide materials are studied to analyze the association between synthesis process, microstructure and the performance. This research is expected to lay a theoretical basis for the preparation and application of high-quality porous carbide materials.

英文关键词： Molten salt;Carbide;Porous materials;Low-temperature;Green synthesis