含高密度胺基新型凹土基吸附材料的制备及其吸附性能研究

项目名称： 含高密度胺基新型凹土基吸附材料的制备及其吸附性能研究

项目编号： No.21276101

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 化学工业

项目作者： 赵宜江

作者单位： 淮阴师范学院

项目金额： 78万元

中文摘要： 引入特定功能组分构建选择性吸附体系，来实现重金属离子选择性吸附分离，既防止环境污染，还能实现资源化回收，显然，高性能吸附材料是关键。项目基于凹土独特的纳米棒晶结构，通过接枝聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树状分子作为功能基团，设计制备对重金属离子高效吸附的新型吸附材料-表面含高密度胺基的PAMAM/凹土吸附材料。重点研究新型吸附材料的制备方法；考察制备条件对材料结构的影响，结合仪器表征和Materials Studio 4.1软件的理论计算，探讨材料结构与其表面性质和吸附性能之间的关联性，揭示其对重金属离子的吸附和脱附机理；对基于新材料的重金属废水吸附处理过程进行研究。项目创新性地提出含高密度胺基凹土吸附材料的概念和制备新思路，制备具有树状结构的高胺基密度凹土吸附材料，提高材料对重金属离子的吸附效率和胺基利用率。研究成果将为基于低成本天然粘土的功能化吸附新材料的设计、制备和应用提供理论和技术基础。

中文关键词： 凹凸棒粘土；吸附材料；胺基；重金属离子；吸附

英文摘要： Heavy metal pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems today. The treatment of heavy metals is of special concern due to their recalcitrance and persistence in the environment. Adsorption is now recognized as an effective and economic method for heavy metal wastewater treatment. The adsorption process offers flexibility in design and operation and in many cases will produce high-quality treated effluent. In addition, selective adsorption of special heavy metals in wastewater will recovers and reuses the metals. Quite evidently, high performane functional adsorbent would be play a key role in the technology. In this project, a novel functional adsorption material and preparation method is proposed. The material contains high density of amine group and is prepared by grafting polyamidoamine dendrimers on attapulgite nanofiber. Main attentions are paid to the effects of preparation conditions on the structure of the new adsorbent. The relationship between the adsorbent structure and its surface properties and adsorptive properties are also investigated based on instrumental analysis and theoretical calculation using Materials Studio program. The adsorption and desorption mechanisms of the adsorbent are studied. The treatment process of wastewater containing heavy metals based on new materi

英文关键词： Attpulgite；Adsorbent；amine group；heavy metal；Adsorbtion